1. Crash Course: The 1960s in America
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2. A Decade of Protest and Change
Chapter 14: The Sixties
A Decade of Protest and Change

3. The “torch was being passed to a new generation of Americans”
Defining The Sixties
The “torch was being passed to a new generation of Americans”
–John F. Kennedy
Advances in civil rights
African Americans
Women
Other minority groups
President Johnson
Had dreams of ending poverty
Derailed by Vietnam War
Young Americans questions conformity
New forms of art, music, and self-expression

4. John F. Kennedy

5. The Kennedy Presidency 1960-1963
1960 Election
John F. Kennedy (D) vs. Richard Nixon (R)
First televised debates
Kennedy won
Youngest man elected to President
“…ask not what your country can do for you but what you can do for your country.”
-John F. Kennedy

6. Domestic Policy Under Kennedy

7. Domestic Policy Under Kennedy
New Frontier
Use the power of the Federal Gov’t to solve nation’s problems
Tax cuts to stimulate the economy
Medicare
Civil rights legislation
Increased aid to education
Peace Corps
Volunteers went to developing countries to share skills
Still exists
None passed under Kennedy

8. Space Race under Kennedy
To counter Soviet’s space program
Pres. Kennedy announced that America would place a man on the moon before 1970
John Glenn
1st American to orbit the earth
1969
(After Kennedy’s assassination)
Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin
land on the moon

9. Foreign Policy Under Kennedy

10. Foreign Policy under Kennedy
Opposed Communism, pledged to contain it
Cuba
1959 Fidel Castro led an uprising to overthrow the brutal Cuban dictator
Became a pro-Soviet Communist nation
Bay of Pigs Invasion-1961
Kennedy executed Eisenhower’s plan to overthrow Castro
Sent trained Cuban exiles into Cuba who were quickly overthrown by the Cuban military
Embarrassing failure for Kennedy

11. 1961-1962 Alliance for Progress (1961) Berlin Wall (1961)
Loans for Latin American countries to promote their economies
Berlin Wall (1961)
Kennedy met with Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev
Meeting did not go well
Soviet’s began building the Berlin Wall
Cuban Missile Crisis
Watch video, discuss questions
Which 2 countries formed an alliance?
What did the Soviet Union place in Cuba?
What did the USA do in response?
What could have happened if the USA handed stopped the Soviet Union/Cuba?

12. Kennedy Assassination
November 22, 1963

13. Lyndon B. Johnson

14. The Johnson Presidency 1963-1968
The Great Society
Federal legislation to transform society and improve quality of life
Complete the chart using page 295
Johnson’s Great Society Programs
Civil Rights:
War on Poverty:
Medicare Act of 1965:
Aid to Cities:

15. Johnson’s Great Society Programs
Civil Rights:
-Pushed through a program of civil rights legislation.
-Civil Rights Act (1964)
-Voting Rights Act (1965)
-Introduced Affirmative Action
War on Poverty:
-Economic Opportunity Act (1964)
-Job Corps-trained underprivileged youth
Medicare Act of 1965:
-Expanded Social Security to provide medical care to those over 65.
Aid to Cities:
-Money given to help cities with planning, clearing slums, rentals for the poor, reconstruction of building.
Despite the Great Society Program many Americans remained poor.
With the start of the Vietnam War, funding was pulled from these programs

16. Johnson Presidency Cont.
Immigration Policy
McCarren-Walter Act (1952)
Kept immigration quotas
Limited the number of immigrants from Asian
Immigration Act of 1965
Each country given the same quota for immigrants
Election of 1964
Johnson beat Barry Goldwater (R) by a landslide

17. Continued Civil Rights Advancements

18. Women’s Liberation Movement
AKA: Feminist Movement
Stereotypes of women as homemakers and mothers enforced in movies, TV, etc.
Women weren’t economically or socially equal to men.
Fight for equality
Inspired by the African American Civil Rights Movement
Led by Betty Friedan and Gloria Steinem
Challenged stereotypes of women
Friedan helped form the National Organization of Women

19. Achievements of the Women’s Liberation Movement
Education: More female college students and professors
Employment: Equal Pay Act
Required companies to pay women the same as men for the same work
Roe v. Wade (1973)
Supreme Court held that a woman had the right to privacy
Gave women the right to terminate a pregnancy the first 3 months
Title IX (1972)
Banned sexual discrimination in educational institutions

20. Key Terms and People

21. African American Militancy
Although the Civil Rights Movement was successful it did not completely end racism or provide equal opportunities
Many people believed the nonviolence used by Dr. King wasn’t enough
Many believed in the Black Power movement
African Americans should use their votes and their own decisions to free themselves from white domination

22. New African American Groups and Leaders
Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
Did not allow white members
Black Muslims
Believed Islam should be the religion of African Americans and form their own black state
Black Panthers
Demanded compensation for the years of oppression
Malcolm X
Black Muslim who questioned Dr. King’s tactics
Believed violence should be met with violence
Assassinated in 1965 by rival Black Muslims

23. 1968 Riots Ghettos Martin Luther King, Jr. is Assassinated
Ethnic communities
African American Ghettos were typically decaying inner cities
Frustration with living conditions led to riots
Martin Luther King, Jr. is Assassinated
April 1968
Memphis, TN
Shot by a white supremacist
Led to anger and mourning
Sparked race riots

24. Chicano Movement Chicano=Mexican Americans
Faced discrimination, racism, exploitation
Main issue:
Farm workers’ voting and political rights

25. Chicano Leaders & Litigation
Copy and complete this chart using page 304
Leader:
Information:
Hector Perez ________________
Occupation:
Veteran of:
Lived in:
First Mexican American to:
Cesar _________
Organized workers in:
Demanded:
Achieved goal using:
Dolores ________
Helped Chavez form:
In 1980s expanded efforts to:
In 2012 awarded:
Then: read pages and complete the
“Applying What You Have Learned” on page 309

26. Chicano Leaders Leader: Information: Hector Perez Garcia
Occupation: surgeon
Veteran of: WWII
Lived in: Texas
First Mexican American to: Serve on the US Commission on Civil Rights
Cesar Chavez
Organized workers in: California
Demanded: increased wages, better working conditions
Achieved goal using: strikes, fasts, boycotts
Dolores Heurta
Helped Chavez form: National Farm Workers Association
In 1980s expanded efforts to: Women’s Rights, Environmental Protection
In 2012 awarded: Medal of Freedom

27. The American Indian Movement
Native American reservations lacked funding
1964-Legislation prohibited discrimination against Native Americans
Many Native Americans still felt they were being mistreated
Came up with the slogan “Red Power” and formed the American Indian Movement
Indians wanted more respect for their heritage
Disliked the stereotype of the “Indian”

29. The “Youth Culture” of the Sixties

30. New Youth-Culture
Baby-boomers were in their 20s during the 60s and 70s
Some adopted a more “rebellious” spirit
They objected materialism and corporate America
Largely affected by rock music
Fashion and style changed
Experiments with drugs
Hippies
Left mainstream society and lived on communes
26th Amendment
Lowered the voting age to 18 (was 21)