1. The Six Nutrients

2. What is Nutrition?
Nutrition—Science or study of food and the ways in which the body uses the food and the study in our food choices, and study of nutrients that foods contain
Nutrients—substances your body needs to function properly, grow, repair itself, and supply you with energy

3. What are the SIX nutrients?
Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins
Minerals
Vitamins
Water
My Very Fat Cat Watches People!

4. CARBOHYDRATES Function—Gives your body energy.
Your body converts carbs into glucose
Glucose—body’s chief energy source
Glycogen—body’s quick energy reserve..if too much of it in body, your body turns it into body fat

5. Two Types of Carbs Simple Sugars Complex Carbs
Your body burns these off right away
Glucose
Fructose
Lactose
Sucrose
Food
examples??
Your body stores these longer
Fiber
Provides little energy and cannot be digested
Prevents constipation
Keeps intestines healthy
May help prevent colon and heart disease
Food examples?

6. Too Many Carbs…..
Type II Diabetes
Gain Weight
Obesity

7. Proteins
Nutrients that help build and maintain body tissues (i.e. MUSCLE)
Amino acids make up body proteins—20 of them
Found in teeth, skin, organs
Provide 4 calories per gram

8. Two Types of Proteins
Complete proteins—provide all essential amino acids—found in meat, dairy, eggs
Incomplete proteins—does not have all essential amino acids—vegetables, grains

9. FATS Function: Stores energy in your body Functions
Need for body to function properly
Gives aroma and texture to foods
A lipid that does not dissolve in water

10. Two Types of Fats Unsaturated Fats Saturated Fats GOOD Fats
Unclog your arteries
Found in fish, oils, peanut butter, nuts
BAD Fats
Clog your arteries
Found in meat products, fried products, junk food

11. Trans Fats
Very, very, very, very bad!!!!

12. Too Many Fats…
Obesity
High Cholesterol
Heart Disease
Kidney failure

13. What is Cholesterol?
Cholesterol—fatlike substance produced in the liver and found only in foods of animal origin
High Density lipoprotein (HDL)—“good” cholesterol, removes cholesterol from the blood, lowers risk of heart disease
Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)—“bad” cholesterol, the higher the level of LDL, the higher your risk of heart disease. Lowering elevated LDL cholesterol can reduce the risk of having a heart attack.

14. What is your cholesterol level?

15. Vitamins… Fat Soluble Water Soluble Dissolve in fat tissue
Vitamin A—maintains healthy skin and repairs tissues
Vitamin D—needed for strong bones
E—aids in blood flow
K—essential for blood clotting
Dissolve in bloodstream
B Vitamins—helps body use proteins and fats
Vitamin C—helps your immune system
Folic Acid—reduces birth defects

16. Vitamins Food Sources Food Sources Vitamin A—green vegetables
Vitamin D—milk and sunlight
Vitamin A—milk, spinach
Vitamin K—leafy vegetables
Vitamin B—meats
Vitamin C—citrus fruits
Folic Acid—dark leafy vegetables

17. Too little vitamins…
Birth defects
Scurvy

18. Minerals Body does not make these so you need to get the foods.
Calcium—builds bone density
Iron—carries oxygen in Red Blood Cells
Potassium—prevents muscle aches

19. Too little minerals….
Osteoporosis
Muscle cramps
Anemia

20. Water Function: Moves food through digestive system
Transports nutrients and removes wastes
Cools body through perspiration
Lubricates joints

21. Too little water…. Causes Dehydration
Rule of thumb—if you are thirsty you waited too long to take in fluids