1. Puzzles of Multiplicity Particle Production in pp Interaction with High Multiplicity at 50 GeV
Prepared By
M. A. Allosh, SVU, Egypt
Z. M. Shakfe , Cairo university, Egypt
Supervision
Assit. Prof. Elena Kokoulina,
LHEP JINR, Dubna, Russia
June 1, 2012

2. Scientific Program:
High Multiplicity (more than mean multiplicity) the number of secondary particles study in pp interaction.

3. The main tasks
General task: Investigation of collective phenomena in the process
p + p → 2N + nπ nπ=20 : 40
Multiplicity distributions for neutral and charged particles at high energies in lepton, hadron and nuclei interactions in framework of gluon dominance model.
Getting acquainted with the work of the main detectors of SVD-2 setup: vertex detector, drift tube tracker, magnetic spectrometer, electromagnetic calorimeter and scintillator hodoscope.
Alignment task.
Drift tube calibration procedure.

4. introduction
High energy physics began with registration of known at that time charged hadrons: protons and electrons.
Later the number of kinds of secondary particles significantly increased.
All of them were produced at high energy collisions of hadrons, nuclei or leptons.
Different models and theoretical approaches began to develop for the description of multiparticale production.

5. introduction
At present the ended understanding of the process of multiparticle production is absent. It is stipulated by unknown of hadronization: “ how invisible quarks and gluons are transformed to observable hadrons”.
That is why there is significant discrepancy between theoretical predictions and experimental data for multiplicity behavior.

6. introduction
Fig. 1. Scheme of the relativistic heavy ion interaction: quark-gluon scattering and hadron jet formation.

7. introduction
The formation of the quark-gluon system with the following transformation to hadrons under the extreme conditions can give additional information concerning multiplicity processes.
In SVD (Spectrometer with Vertex Detector) Collaboration events with the number of secondary particles significantly more than the mean multiplicity (extreme multiplicity) are investigated.
Manifestation of the collective behavior of secondary particles will help to understand better the above tasks.

8. Fig. 3 . SVD-2 (Spectrometer with Vertex Detector)
Magnetic Spectrometer
ECal
Drift tube tracker
Vertex Detector Č
H2 Target
Cherenkov counter
High Mult Trig.
Fig. 3 . SVD-2 (Spectrometer with Vertex Detector)

9. Scintillation hodoscope for the registration of rare events with HM:
20 elements (“petals”): triangle h=18, 1.8 mm thick.
Scintillation hodoscope for the registration of rare events with HM:
Liquid hydrogen target

10. Straw Drift tubes
Gaseous detectors which used as track detectors especially in the high-rate environment.
In SVD_2, There are 3 modules of drift tubes. Each consists of 3 planes ( U,V,Y).
To reconstruct tracks , The hits in each DT cell are reconstructed from the measured drift time associated to them as recorded by the TDCs (Time to Digital Converters).

11. Calibration of Drift tubes
The min. and max. values of drift time t0 ,tmax are obtained from calibration runs.
To do such calibration, we used ROOT generator .

12. Examples of Our work
root [0] mc root [1] ls root [2] cd root [3] root root [4] .L libDT.C root [5] main(153) root [6] .L arin2.C root [7]main (153)
root [0] .L calibDT.C root [1] main() root [2] NTube root [3] 153

13. TDC Distributions of all 9 planes with min and max values of drift time for each tube

14. TDC distribution and calibration function of V2 plane, Tube num.150

15. TDC distribution and calibration function of U1 plane, NTube 130

16. TDC distribution and calibration function of Y3 plane, Tube num
TDC distribution and calibration function of Y3 plane, Tube num.40 We notice that this not very good tube because of small number of entries (only 1791)

17. TDC distribution and calibration function of V2 plane, Tube num.90

18. Acknowledgments
To Elena Kokoulina for her guidance and efforts to help us in our project.

19. СПАСИБО