1. GSM BASED PATIENT DIAGNOSIS AND STIMULATION SYSYTEM BY K. NAIMISHA SAI

2. DOMAIN EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

3. Care of critically ill patient, requires spontaneous & accurate decisions so that life-protecting & life saving therapy can be properly applied. Statistics reveal that every minute a human is losing his/her life across the globe, More importantly because the patients did not get timely and proper help. The main purpose of the project is to monitoring patient. It enables the doctors to monitor patient's health parameters (temp, heart beat, oxygen, etc..) in real time. If a particular patient's health parameters falls below or above the threshold value, an automated SMS and an alert call is sent to the pre-configured Doctor's, Ambulance mobile number using a standard GSM module interfaced to theAT8051microcontroller. ABSTRACT :

4. Keywords - Sensor, GSM module Tools Used – KIEL software Components Used : AT 8051 microcontroller, GSM 900, Heartbeat sensor, Gas(CO 2 ) sensor, Fire sensor, Temperature sensor

5. It is low power and low data rate wireless system. Operating Frequency : In three bands 2.4 GHz, 868MHz and 915MHz. Coverage : 10 - 100 meters. Data rates : 20 kbit/s (868 MHz band) to 250 kbit/s (2.4 GHz band)as per bands ZIGBEE TECHNOLOGY

6. GSM : The GSM network architecture as defined in the GSM specifications can be grouped into four main areas  Mobile station (MS)  Base-Station Subsystem (BSS)  Network and Switching Subsystem (NSS)  Operation and Support Subsystem (OSS)

8.  Mobile stations (MS), mobile equipment (ME) are known as cell or mobile phones are the section of a GSM cellular network  The two main elements are the main hardware and the SIM  The hardware itself contains the main elements are display, case, battery and also contains a number known as the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI)  It is accessed by the network during registration to check whether the equipment has been reported as stolen.  Subscriber Identity Module(SIM) contains the information that provides the identity of the user to the network, it contains International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) Mobile station :

9. Base Station Subsystem (BSS) :  It is fundamentally associated with communicating with the mobiles on the network. It consists of two elements  Base Transceiver Station (BTS): The BTS used in a GSM network comprises the radio transmitter receivers, and their associated antennas that transmit and receive to directly communicate with the mobiles. The BTS communicates and the interface between the mobiles.  Base Station Controller (BSC): The BSC forms the next stage back into the GSM network. It manages the radio resources and controls items, allocates channels.

10. Network Switching Subsystem (NSS) :  Mobile Services Switching Centre (MSC)  Home Location Register (HLR)  Visitor Location Register (VLR)  Equipment Identity Register (EIR)  Authentication Centre (AuC)  Gateway Mobile Switching Centre (GMSC)  SMS Gateway (SMS-G)

11. Operation and Support Subsystem (OSS) :  The OSS or operation support subsystem is an element within the overall GSM network architecture that is connected to components of the NSS and the BSC.  It is used to control and monitor the overall GSM network and it is also used to control the traffic load of the BSS.  It must be noted that as the number of BS increases with the scaling of the subscriber population  some of the maintenance tasks are transferred to the BTS, allowing savings in the cost of ownership of the system.

12. Advantages :  EXTENSIVE COVERAGE  SPEED  GREATER PHONE VARIETY  Ease of Changing Phones  Choice of Phones  Simultaneous Voice and Data

13. LM35 :  LM35 is a precision IC temperature sensor with its output proportional to the temperature (in o C). temperature can be measured more accurately with lm35.  It also possess low self heating and does not cause more than 0.1 o C temperature rise in still air.  The operating temperature range is from -55°C to 150°C.  The output voltage varies by 10mV in response to every o C rise/fall in ambient temperature, i.e., its scale factor is 0.01V/ o C.

14. PIN NO FUNCTION NAME 1 SUPPLY VOLTAGE(4-20V) VCC 2 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (+6V TO -1V) OUTPUT 3 GROUND (0V) GROUND

15. LM35 INTERFACE WITH AT 8051MC :  LM35 temperature sensor interfaced with 8051 through ADC0804. The LM35 series are precision integrated- circuit temperature sensor produced output voltage (o.o1v per 1°of voltage change) is linearly proportional to the temperature.  The output of ADC then directly feed to ADC0804 which converts input voltage in 8-bit binary number. 8051 input port is used to take that data coming out form ADC and finally result would be displayed on LCD.

16. 8051 Microcontroller :  A microcontroller is a computer present in a single integrated circuit which is dedicated to perform one task and execute one specific application. It contains memory, programmable input/output peripherals as well a processor.

17. Architecture:  CPU (Central Processor Unit)  Interrupts  Memory  Bus  Oscillator

18. 8051 MC Pin Diagram :

19. Applications :  Energy Management  Touch screens  Automobiles  Medical Devices

20. Heart Beat Sensor :  The Heartbeat Sensor is a small, handheld device that appears to be made out of some form of plastic.  Unlike chest strap heart rate monitors -- which closely emulate a real EKG machine by measuring electrical pulse -- these devices use light to track your blood. By illuminating your capillaries with an LED, a sensor adjacent to the light measures the frequency at which your blood pumps past (aka your heart rate).

21. Liquid-crystal display :  A liquid-crystal display (lcd) is A flat-panel display or other electronically modulated optical device that uses the light-modulating properties of liquid crystals.  Several different families of liquid crystals are used, the molecules used have to be anisotropic and to exhibit mutual attraction.

22.  Very compact, thin and light, especially in comparison with bulky, heavy CRT displays.  Low power consumption.  Little heat emitted during operation, due to low power consumption.  No geometric distortion.  No theoretical resolution limit. When multiple LCD panels are used together to create a single canvas, each additional panel increases the total resolution of the display, which is commonly called stacked resolution.  Can be made in large sizes of over 60-inch (150 cm) diagonal.  Masking effect : The LCD grid can mask the effects of spatial and grayscale quantization, creating the illusion of higher image quality.  LCD monitors are powered by a 12 V power supply Advantages :