1. Second Sino-Japanese War
Nina Matkava
May 4th

2. Background Two empires, two independent countries Japan v. China
“War of Aggression”
July 7, 1937 – September 9, 1945
Marco Polo Bridge near Beijing, in a province called Warping

3. Research Questions
How did the war between those two great nations emerge?
What was the reason behind the second Sino-Japanese War?
What was China’s position on internal and foreign affairs?
What served as a cause of Japan’s defeat?

4. Leading Factors Japan’s strong will to become regional hegemony
Resources
Weak China – great time to act
Power/Authority

5. Significance Of the War / Thesis Statement
Number of important reforms
Economic structural changes
Political reform
Battles and protests
“The Significance of this war lies in the number of reforms, economic structural changes and political outcomes, due to different battles and protests taking place during those times in both nations.”

6. Japan v. China

7. 1.5 million trained men in reserve
21 regular divisions of 462,000 well organized, well-trained officers and soldiers
1.5 million trained men in reserve
2.5 million partly trained forces
Extra forces – additional Manchurian, Mongolian, and Chinese puppet troops

8. Weak military
Torn apart between CCP (China’s Communist Party) and the nationalist Guomindang

9. China’s Internal Affairs
Poor internal sovereignty
National Crisis
Struggle between maintaining the same regime and establishing democratic government
Eight Principles

10. 8 Main Principles . . .
Delineation of Authority and Responsibility between the Central Government and the Local Government
Institution of Joint Provincial Office System
Promotion of Experimental Hsien
Initiation of New Hsien System
5. Improvement in personnel administration 6. Maintenance of Local Security 7. Implementation of Land Policy 8. Special Administrative Inspector System

11. Foreign Affairs
Moral support from People of Nations towards Chinese foreign policy
Banned trade with Japan
International Anti-Aggression Campaign

12. Conferences:
World Conference to save China in London, United Kingdom (35 Nations)
Anti-Bombing Conference in Paris, France (35 Nations)

13. Japan’s Surrender External Powers
Atomic-bomb on Hiroshima (August 6, 1945)
3 days later  Soviet Union attacks the Japanese in Manchuria
August 9, 1945 – Another atomic-bomb on Nagasaki
August 15, 1945 – Emperor Hirohito officially surrenders to the Allies
Signed on September 2, 1945
Japanese forces in China surrendered officially on September 9, 1945

14. Citation
Dorn, Frank. The Sino-Japanese war: ; from Marco Polo bridge to Pearl Harbor. New York: Macmillan, 1974.
Citation: Hu, Puyu. A brief history of Sino-Japanese war ( ). Taipei, Taiwan: Chung Wu Publishing Co., 1974.
Hsiao-pei Y. Frontier Anthropology and Chinese Colonialism in the Southwestern Frontier during the Second Sino-Japanese War. Boundary 2 [serial online]. May 2017;44(2): Available from: Academic Search Complete, Ipswich, MA. Accessed May 4, 2017.
Goodman D. Reinterpreting the Sino–Japanese War: 1939–1940, peasant mobilisation, and the road to the PRC. Journal Of Contemporary China [serial online]. January 2013;22(79): Available from: Academic Search Complete, Ipswich, MA. Accessed May 4, 2017.
Perry J. Powerless and Frustrated: Britain's Relationship With China During the Opening Years of the Second Sino-Japanese War,  Diplomacy & Statecraft [serial online]. September 2011;22(3): Available from: Academic Search Complete, Ipswich, MA. Accessed May 4, 2017.

15. Questions? 