1. Team : Orange

2. Team Principle Investigator : Hanmin Kang Co workers : Jiho Lee Jaeik Bae Junha Kim DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project2

3. Contents 1. Intro 2. Instruments 3. Structure & Time line DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project3

4. 1. Intro DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project4

5. Features of Venus The second largest rocky planet in the solar system Diameter : Smaller than Earth with 95% Cycle of revolution is similar to period of rotation Period of rotation : 243 days cycle of revolution : 224 days Mass : Smaller than Earth with 81.5% Distance between Sun and Venus : 0.7AU DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project5

6. Surface of Venus Dry and hot surface Temperature : 737K Pressure : 92atm No liquid water Craters, mountains, canyons, valleys DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project6

7. Atmosphere of Venus DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project7 Cloud : Sulfuric acid and water Temperature : 228K Pressure : Similar to Earth Thick atmosphere Wind speed 370km/h above the cloud 210km/h under the cloud Ozone in atmosphere : Less than Earth with 10% 96.5% of CO 2, 3.5% of N 2

8. So we think that…….. 1. There might be some organic matters or lives in the clouds of Venus Water and sulfuric acid in the clouds of Venus. Ozone exist in the atmosphere of Venus 2. There might not be any creatures on the surface of Venus Too hot DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project8 What we would like to find or study in Venus is……. 1. Different kinds of bio-marks in the atmosphere 2. Different sorts of elements and bio-marks in the surface 3. Properties of atmosphere (pressure, temperature……..)

9. Mission Objects DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project9 Mission Statement -Analyzing components of clouds and surfaces in Venus - Studying properties of atmosphere in Venus - Searching for lives or organic elements in Venus Science Goals - To look for lives or organic resources in clouds and surfaces of Venus - To know if atmosphere of Venus is appropriate for creatures to live. - To compare components of clouds and surfaces in Venus with those of Earth

10. Mission Justification DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project10 Why did we choose this planet? - Venus is rocky planet, and the size of it is similar to Earth. -We heard that there is some water in the cloud of Venus. Why does Venus have biological potential? - It has some water in the atmosphere. - Also, it has ozone layer at a altitude of 100km - Gravity and temperature is similar to Earth in the cloud of Venus What mission type(platform) will be used in our project? - Orbiter : Orbits around Venus - Carrier : Measures about the atmosphere of Venus - Interceptor : Collects some samples on the surfaces of Venus

11. Something to Measure Percentage of each gas occupation at Venus atmosphere (especially H2S,SO2) Carbon compounds in the atmosphere Amount of amino acids right after the lightning (Based on Millers experiment) Wind speed, temperature and pressure in cloud. DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project11

12. Biomarkers Organic compounds : DNA, RNA, proteins, hydrocarbons, especially Amino acids Inorganic compounds: : Sulfur compounds, carbonates, silicates Small organic molecules

13. 2. Instruments DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project13

14. Introduce about our instruments 1. Camera 2. Radio Science 3. GCMS-TLS 4. ASI for p, T, wind, accel DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project14

15. Compliments of instruments for the mission Camera Major measurements : Shape of clouds and surfaces, figure of certain matters. Take some photos of surfaces and clouds of Venus. So, camera will give information about geology. Can take some pictures of what the other instruments get. Help to control the craft. DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project15 We will use……. Infrared camera in the orbiter, Wide and middle angle camera in the carrier, Narrow angle camera in the interceptor

16. Radio Science (RS) Performs as a GPS, and communicates with the orbiter Controls or tracks the the carrier or interceptor by using RS. Does not provide the information about life Does not depend upon weather. DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project16

17. GCMS-TLS GC/MS Separate mix gas, check mass spectrum and know what elements are in this gas. Major measurements : Venus' atmosphere (H2O, CO2, NH3, CH4…) Can find organic matters and bio- marks from GC/MS-TLS. So we can get information of existing or extinct life. We can get chemical information from this instrument DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project17

18. Analyte is separated in GC and ionize through transfer line. Mass spectrometry act in very low pressure To protect MS hardware To increase of mean free path DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project18 Gas Chromatograph (GC) Mass Spectrometry(MS)

19. TLS (Tunable Laser Spectrometer) Chemical construction, organic structure It will provide information about existing life It will give biological, chemical information DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project19

20. DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project20 1. TLS produces specific light to vibrate the molecule 2. Once the molecule vibrates, TLS minutely tuned to different wavelength of light to result in an extremely precise measurement.

21. ASI for p, T, wind, accel. Major measurements : Temperature, pressure, wind speed Can assume the existence of life by its measurement Provides Physical information DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project21

22. 3. Structure & Time line DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project22

23. Structure of Spacecraft DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project23 Antenna Solar cell Propulsion system Engine of carrier Main body of spacecraft Carrier

24. Energy Resources Solar Energy We can operate the orbiter by using solar energy, because the orbiter always get around in space. Thus, the orbiter can always receive sunlight, so it can generate electricity by solar energy, using solar cells. Nuclear Energy The carrier and interceptor which perform their work under the clouds of Venus cant get energy from sun. So they have to use nuclear energy, which can produce a lot of energy with small amount of resources. DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project24

25. Time Line DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project25 Earth Venus 2015. 7. 1 : Launch our craft ~2015. 12.24 : Voyage to Venus ~2016.1. 24 : Stabilize the orbit of craft ~2020.1. 24 : Exploration period ~2015. 8. 1 : Stabilize the orbit of craft E E

26. DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project26 Voyage to Venus Stabilizing the orbit of the craft in Earth 2015. 7. 1~8.1 Launching day 2015.7.1 Stabilizing the orbit of the craft in Venus 2015.12.24~2016.1.24 Mission on Venus Mission start 2016. 1. 24 Mission end -Death of the spacecraft. 2020. 1. 24 Arrive to Venus 2015. 1. 24

27. Methods to explore Venus DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project27 Earth Venus E E E E E E E E E E 1 2 3

28. First : Change the length of craft DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project28

29. Methods to explore Venus DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project29 Earth Venus E E E E E E E E E E 1 2 3

30. Second : Drop the carrier from the orbiter The structure of the carrier DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project30 Wings to help carriers up and down Disk Middle angle camera Wide angle camera Cargo which has 4 interceptors Main body -contains GCMS-TLS ASI for p, T, wind, accel, Radio Science Robot arm for collecting materials from atmosphere

31. How to up and down through the jet stream

32. DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project32 Using engine of the carrier & storing energy in battery of the carrier Using engine of the orbiter Generated by solar cell After dropping the carrier Before droppin g carrier

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34. Methods to explore Venus DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project34 Earth Venus E E E E E E E E E E 1 2 3

35. Third : Throw down interceptor from the carrier The structure of interceptor DOVE(Discovery Of Venus Express) project35 Antenna Camera Main body Leg of interceptor Propulsion system Robot arm When interceptor return to carrier

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39. Region Explored by Interceptor There are a lot of volcanoes and shields on Venus Our landing spacecraft, Interceptor, will land on the large shield to land stable In the prior exploration like Venera14, they landed on the Theiamons which is a large shield volcano on Venus

40. Region Explored by Interceptor

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