1. Migration from Turkey to Germany

2. Why Germany needed migration?
After 2nd World War – Germany had a labour shortage – for factories e.g Volkswagen, BMW, Grundig
Working conditions were amongst the best in Europe

4. Why Turkish workers migrated?
Turkish people saw the opportunities in Germany
Turkey was relatively poor, little social services , job opportunities.
They worked in Construction (building), Car manufacturing, Manufacturing electrical goods
They mainly moved in the 1970’s

5. Germany
Turkey

7. Who moved?
The Germans needed manual labourers – people to do jobs they did not want to do
It was mostly young skilled men (aged 20 – 40) who moved
They lived in hostels and sent money back to their families at home
Sometimes the family would join the workers in Germany

8. Effects on Germany Economic
Money was leaving the country as Turks sent home (between – $900 million was sent home)
The Germans needed the Turks after the war but recessions in the 70’s and early 90’s led to high unemployment. This cost the country a lot in benefits etc

9. Effects on Germany Political
The government had to make stricter immigration controls
Peoples worry about immigration led to the growth of Right wing and racist groups (e.g neo Nazis)

12. Effects on Germany Social
Racist groups started hate attacks on immigrants
The Turkish workers (gastabeiter) cannot become German citizens and therefore do not have equal rights. Even if they have lived for 20yrs in Germany they are still seen as outsiders.

13. Effects on Turkey Less unemployment in Turkey
Money sent home from Germany = more than what Turks normally earn at home = good for Turkish economy
Many males leaving = broken families,
Less workers in Turkey especially in farming
Most able = leave for Germany; only the bad workers stay!
Less men will causes problems in Turkey

14. Facts and figures
In 2000 the number of foreigners in Germany was 7.3 million which was 8.9% of the total population
2 million of these came from Turkey!
This includes 750,000 turkish who were born in Germany!
Another ½ million Turks have become German citizens since 1972