1. Science- Advanced Spring 2018
How to: Cite Sources
Science- Advanced
Spring 2018

2. When should I cite a source?
Any time your work contains or refers to someone else's
Ideas
Words
Images
Media
Sounds
When should I cite a source?

3. What needs to be included in a paper with citations?
1. In-text citations should be inserted at the point of use in your assignment and indicate that the information you just presented came from a source other than your own brain or common knowledge.
2. A References section should be included at the end of your assignment.
 In References, list all the works you referred to with in-text citations in the body of your assignment.
There are many citation styles, each with it's own precise formatting. Science texts generally use APA format
What needs to be included in a paper with citations?

4. When referring to the work of others in your text, you need to cite the source.
This method involves placing relevant source information in parentheses after a quote, paraphrase, or summary.
In-text guidelines

5. Direct quote In-Text Citation
This is when you take a direct quote from an article. For example, Becca Rolater “really loved her cat Betelgeuse, especially when she curled up next to her right before bed. (Smith, 2016)” Use the following phrases when using a direct source of information:
According to Smith (2016), “...”
Smith (2016) states, “...”
Smith (2016 discusses, “...”
“...”, Smith (2016) states.
Direct quote In-Text Citation

6. Paraphrasing Quote In-Text Citation
This is when you paraphrase what you just read, but still give credit where credit is due. For example: According to Smith (2016) Becca Rolater really loved Betelgeuse, her cat, especially when she was all cuddly. Use the following phrases when paraphrasing a source of information:
According to Smith (2016), …
Smith (2016) argues …
Smith (2016) discusses…
…. believes Smith (2016)
Paraphrasing Quote In-Text Citation

7. How it should be written for APA?
The author's name may appear either in the sentence itself or in parentheses following the quotation or paraphrase, but the (year written) should always appear in the parentheses, not in the text of your sentence.
Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" (1893).
Romantic poetry is characterized by the "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" (Wordsworth, 1893).
Wordsworth extensively explored the role of emotion in the creative process (1893).
Also notice that the punctuation (period) goes AFTER the citation.
How it should be written for APA?

8. In-text citations for sources with no known author online
When a source has no known author, use a shortened title of the work instead of an author name. Place the title in quotation marks if it's a short work (e.g. articles) and provide a year.
We see so many global warming hotspots in North America likely because this region has "more readily accessible climatic data and more comprehensive programs to monitor and study environmental change . . ." ("Impact of Global Warming" 2009).
"The Impact of Global Warming in North America.”
In-text citations for sources with no known author online

9. Creating a reference BY HAND!!! (NO EASY BIB)
When using a website:
Author/editor. (Date of publication. If there is no date, use n.d.). Title of document. Title of online periodical. Retrieved from
Note: if a page does not have a personal author, use a corporate author. If a personal author is listed, use that name.]
Example
Crockett, (2017).Earliest Galaxies got the green light. ScienceNews. Retrieved from galaxies-got-green-light
Creating a reference BY HAND!!! (NO EASY BIB)

10. Cont’d When using a book
Author last name, first name (Date of publication) Title of book. Publisher location: Publisher name. Page number
Example:
Beck, C. A. J., & Sales, B. D. (2001). Family mediation: Facts, myths, and future prospects. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. 312
Cont’d

11. Cont’d When using an image:
Owner/Author/Creator. (Publication date or n.d.) Title of image in italics [media type such as Painting, Outdoor mural, Photograph, Infographic]. Retrieved from URL
Cont’d

12. To help you practice citing sources, you will access one library book and one news article (we love sciencenews.org).
With these two resources, you will practice a direct quote in-text citation and a paraphrasing in text citation using the easy steps below.
By the end of this assignment, you should have two correctly cited sources in your reference section.
Your Turn!