1. Bell Work- January 11, 2016
Using your foldable from yesterday, and your text book, color code the families of the periodic table.
Make sure you color code them the same colors you colored your foldable.

2. Notes Date SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table Tennessee SPI Objective:
Use the periodic table to determine the properties
of an element.
Learning Target
I will be able to determine electron characteristics about elements by using the periodic table.
Success Criteria
I can identify the number of valence electrons for a given element using the periodic table.
I can identify the number of electron shells for a given element using the periodic table.

3. VOCABULARY D3
When the dice is rolled, do the following using the vocab terms.
1 or 2 rolled- Draw It
3 or 4 rolled- Describe It
5 or 6- Do It
Using the vocabulary terms:
Metal
Metalloid
Nonmetal

4. Reactivity in Elements
Electrons are located in shells A.K.A. energy levels or A.K.A. orbitals
1) The 1st shell can hold up to two electrons
2) Other shells can hold up to 8 electrons. (called the Octet Rule)
x 10 - P N
Example: Neon Atom
1st Shell: Two electrons,
Outer Shell: Eight electrons 10 Ne
Neon
20.2

5. Reactivity in Elements
Reactivity: is how easily or quickly a chemical reaction occurs
Valence electrons are the key. (electrons in the outermost shell)
The number of valence electrons determines how and if the element/atom will chemically react/bond
If the outer shell is full, the element will not react with other elements.
Boron Atom
x 5
x 6 - +
If the outer shell is NOT full, the element will react with other elements.
Note: Boron has 3 valence electrons.
It is not full…can hold up to 8.
Therefore it WILL chemically react

6. Alkali metals are the most reactive group/family!
Groups/Families
Columns are called groups/families
Group 1 is called the alkali metal family (see below)
Group 1 = Alkali Metals
Alkali metals are the most reactive group/family!
Alkali Metals:
Notice they are in group 1.
So they have one valence electron.
Their outer shells are not full.
Easily react with other elements. Why?

7. Group 2 = Alkali-Earth Metals Alkali-earth metals are very reactive!
Groups/Families
Group 2 is called the alkali-earth metal family (see below)
Group 2 = Alkali-Earth Metals
Alkali-earth metals are very reactive!
Alkali-Earth Metals:
Notice they are in group 2.
So they have two valence electrons.
Their outer shells are not full.
Easily react with other elements. Why?

8. Halogens are very reactive! (Flourine is the most reactive non-metal)
Groups/Families
Group 17 is called the halogen family (see below)
Group 17 = Halogens
Halogens are very reactive!
(Flourine is the most reactive non-metal)
Halogens:
Notice they are in group 17.
So they have seven valence electrons.
Their outer shells are not full.
Easily react with other elements. Why?

9. Noble gases are non-reactive!
Groups/Families
Group 18 is called the noble gas family (see below)
Group 18 = Noble Gases
Noble Gases:
Notice they are in group 18.
So they have 8 valence electrons.
Their outer shells are completely full.
They do not react with other elements. Why?
Noble gases are non-reactive!

10. Science Questions SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table
What is the family name of group one shown above, and what is one key property of these elements?
A) Halogens gases, they are non-reactive
B) Alkali metals, they are very reactive.
SPI
Periodic Table
Science
Questions

11. Science Questions SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table
What is the family name for the shaded elements shown above, and what is one key property of these elements?
A) Noble gases, they are non-reactive
B) Transition metals, they are shiny and conduct electricity

12. Science Questions SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table
What is the family name of group seventeen shown above, and what is one key property of these elements?
A) Halogens gases, they are very reactive
B) Alkali-Earth metals, they are not very reactive.
SPI
Periodic Table
Science
Questions

13. Science Questions - SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table + x 5 x 6
Look at the Boron atom shown below.
How many valence electrons does Boron have, and is it likely to react or not?
A) It has five valence electrons,
and it will not react.
B) It has three valence electrons,
and it will react.
Boron Atom
x 5
x 6 - +

14. Science Questions - SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table x 10
Look at the Neon atom shown below.
How many valence electrons does Neon have, and is it likely to react or not?
x 10 - P N
Neon Atom
A) It has eight valence
electrons, and it will not react.
B) It has ten valence electrons,
and it will react.

15. Bellwork- Jan 12, 2017
For each element you will use your periodic table and the book to do these things:
*Determine how many electron shells it has, and draw these
*Determine how many protons, neutrons, and electrons it has and draw these in the correct positions
*Label it as reactive or not reactive

16. Bellwork- Jan 12, 2017 Sulfur Shells- 3 Protons- 16 Neutrons- 16
Electrons- 16
Reactivity-

17. Bellwork- Jan 12, 2017 Chlorine Shells- 3 Protons- 17 Neutrons- 18
Electrons- 17
Reactivity-

18. Bellwork- Jan 12, 2017 Sodium Shells- 3 Protons- 11 Neutrons- 12
Electrons- 11
Reactivity-

19. VOCABULARY D3
When the dice is rolled, do the following using the vocab terms.
1 or 2 rolled- Draw It
3 or 4 rolled- Describe It
5 or 6- Do It
Using the vocabulary terms:
Alkali Metals Alkaline-Earth Metals
Halogens Transition Metals
Noble Gases Hydrogen

20. (on the left and middle)
Periodic Table in 3 Sections
(1) Metals, (2) Metalloids, and (3) Nonmetals
Metals: (on the left & middle)
Metalloids: (on the zig-zag line)
Nonmetals: (on the right)
Nonmetals
(on the right)
Groups 3 to 12
are called the
transition metals
Metals
(on the left and middle)
More Metals
These are actually located above
in the 6th & 7th periods (rows) in group (column) three)

21. Notes Science Periods: SPI 0807.9.9 Periodic Table
The rows are called periods, and there are seven of them
Per 1
Per 2
Per 3
Per 4
Per 5
Per 6
Per 7
From period 6
From period 7

22. The period number tells you the number of electron shells
All elements in the same period have the same number of electron shells
1st Period = 1 Shell
2nd Period = 2 Shells
3rd Period = 3 Shells
4th Period = 4 Shells
Lithium Atom
This atom has two electron shells.
So it is located in the second period.

23. The period numbers reveal the number of electron shells
Example: Every element in period 2 has 2 electron shells
Example: Every element in period 3 has 3 electron shells
Per 1
Per 2
Period 2 (Each element here has 2 electron shells)
Per 3
Period 3 (Each element here has 3 electron shells)
Per 4
Per 5
Per 6
Per 7

24. SPI
Periodic Table
Notes
Science
Groups: The columns are called groups (also called families)
There are 18 groups 1 18 2 13 14 15 16 17 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

25. Lithium Atom Beryllium Atom
The group number (in some cases) can reveal how many electrons are in the outer most shells.
Note: Electrons in the outer most shells are called valence electrons
Example: Lithium (see below-left) has one valence electron, so it is in group (column) one.
Example: Beryllium (see below-right) has two valence electrons, so it is in group (column) two.
Lithium Atom
Beryllium Atom
x 4
x 5
2 Valence Electrons
1 Valence Electron

26. Memory Help: Remember V =V V for vertical = V for valence electrons
Group numbers can reveal the number of valence electrons
Note: However this only works for groups 1 to 2 and 13 to 18
(see arrows below)
See next few slides for details about how this “trick” works 1 18 2 13 14 15 16 17
This "trick" does not work with groups 3 to 12
(called transition metals)
Memory Help:
Remember V =V
V for vertical = V for valence electrons

27. Rules for Groups One and Two
Group numbers can reveal the number of valence electrons 1 2
Rules for Groups One and Two
Example:
Every element in group one has only one valence electron.
Example:
Every element in group two has exactly two valence electrons.

28. Rule for Groups 13 to 18
Group numbers can reveal the number of valence electrons 13 14 15 16 17 18
For Groups 13 to 18:
Subtract ten from each number
Example:
For group 13 subtract ten, and you get three. So every element in group 13 has three valence electrons
Example:
For group 14 subtract ten, and you get four. So every element in group 14 has four valence electrons
Number of valence electrons 3 4 5 6 7 8

29. Reactivity in Elements
For groups 1 to 2:
Reactivity increases from right to left
Ignore group 18
(called Noble Gases)
…are non-reactive/inert
For groups 13 to 17:
Reactivity increases from left to right
Groups 1 to 2
Groups 13 to 17 1 2 13 14 15 16 17
Non-reactive
Again, ignore groups
3 to 12 for now
(called transition metals)

30. Review Question For groups 13 to 17:
Reactivity increases from left to right
So it decreases from right to left
Review Question

31. Review Question
Period Four

32. Review Question
Period Two

33. Review Question
Groups 3 to 12
are called the
transition metals

34. Note: The atoms get bigger, are heavier, and have more mass as you go to the right and down the periodic table.
Review Question

35. Exit Ticket
For each element (I will put up one element at a time on this powerpoint) you will use your periodic table to do these things:
Determine how many electron shells it has, and draw these
Determine how many protons, neutrons, and electrons it has and draw these in the correct positions
Label it as reactive or not reactive

39. Using your foldables and textbook, study for your quiz!
Bellwork- Jan 13, 2017
Using your foldables and textbook, study for your quiz!