1. Anatomy-Skeletal System
Classification of Bones

2. Anatomy-Skeletal System Introduction
What do you think classification means with regard to bones?
Grouping bone together
How do you think bones are classified?
Shape

3. Anatomy-Skeletal System Objectives
Students will be able to:
Define terms that are used to classify bones.
Identify the characteristics of bone.
Identify the function of bone.
Identify the classification of bones.
Label the parts of long bones.

4. Anatomy-Skeletal System Terminology
Metabolism
Chemical reactions that occur in living organisms to maintain life
Bone marrow
Flexible tissue found in the hollow interior of bones

5. Anatomy-Skeletal System Classification of Bones-Characteristics
Bone tissue is very active material that is continually being broken down and re- constructed
Responds to use and disuse
Physical activity places stress on the bone causing it to thicken & strengthen
(hypertrophy)
Lack of physical activity causes bone to become thinner & weaker
(atrophy)

6. Anatomy-Skeletal System Classification of Bones-Characteristics
Bone tissue is very active material
Produce blood cells & store minerals
Compact Bone
hard outer layer of bone (very strong)
Spongy (Cancellous) Bone
inside of the compact bone

7. Anatomy-Skeletal System Classification of Bones-Function
Support
Gives form and shape for body structures
Head, face, thorax, limbs
Supports softer underlying tissues
Supports weight of the body

8. Anatomy-Skeletal System Classification of Bones-Function
Protection
Skull protects eyes, ears, brain
Ribs protect heart, lungs, liver, stomach, spleen, kidneys
Pelvic girdle protects internal reproductive organs, urinary bladder
Vertebral column protects spinal cord

9. Anatomy-Skeletal System Classification of Bones-Function
Movement
Bone serves as a point of attachment for muscles making movement possible
Bones & muscles function together as levers

10. Anatomy-Skeletal System Classification of Bones-Function
Supply
Bone marrow makes blood cells

11. Anatomy-Skeletal System Classification of Bones-Function
Supply
Stores minerals
Calcium (Ca)
Blood clot formation
Nerve function
Muscle function
Metabolic processes
Bone strength
Phosphorus (P)

12. Anatomy-Skeletal System Classification of Bones-Shape
Long Bones
Longer than they are wide
Expanded ends
Humerus, radius, ulna
Femur, tibia, fibula
Metacarpals
Metatarsals
Phalanges

13. Anatomy-Skeletal System Classification of Bones-Shape
Short Bones
Cube shaped
Carpals
Tarsals

14. Anatomy-Skeletal System Classification of Bones-Shape
Flat Bones
Broad, thinner, plate like bones
Skull
Scapula
Ilium
Ribs
Sternum

15. Anatomy-Skeletal System Classification of Bones-Shape
Irregular Bones
Vary in shape & size
Vertebrae
Sacrum
Coccyx
Zygomatic
Mandible
Maxilla

16. Anatomy-Skeletal System Classification of Bones-Shape
Sesamoid Bones
Bone imbedded in a tendon
Protect tendon
Increase mechanical effect
Patella
1st MP joint

17. Anatomy-Skeletal System Classification of Bones-Long Bones
Epiphysis
Expanded ends of long bones
Outer layer of compact bone
Internal bone made up of cancellous (spongy) bone
New cartilage made
Red marrow

18. Anatomy-Skeletal System Classification of Bones-Long Bones
Articular cartilage
Hyaline cartilage
Covers epiphysis
Articulates with adjacent bone
Smooth & slippery
Milk glass
Cushion
Poor blood supply

19. Anatomy-Skeletal System Classification of Bones-Long Bones
Epiphyseal Plate (Growth Plate)
Layer of cartilage
Where cartilage turns to bone
Causes bone to grow in length

20. Anatomy-Skeletal System Classification of Bones-Long Bones
Diaphysis
Shaft of the bone
Compact bone surrounding a hollow cavity
Medullary Cavity
Yellow bone marrow
Fat

21. Anatomy-Skeletal System Classification of Bones-Long Bones
Periosteum
Tough, strong membrane that covers the bone
Does not cover the articular cartilage
Rich blood supply

22. Anatomy-Skeletal System Classification of Bones-Long Bones
Diaphysis
Epiphysis
Epiphysis
Spongy Bone
Spongy Bone
Articular Cartilage
Medullary Cavity
Compact Bone
Epiphyseal Plate