1. Basic Concepts of Computer Networks and Communications
Network Topology

2. Main Menu
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3. At the end of this lesson, student should be able
OBJECTIVE
At the end of this lesson, student should be able
to achieve all the three objective below:-
At the end of this lesson, student should be able
to achieve all the three objective below:-
Explain meaning of network topology with
correctly.
State three types of network topologies
Differentiate correctly between the three types
of network topology.
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4. Differentiation Between the Types of Network Topology
CONTENT
Definition of
Network Topology
Types of
Network Topology
Differentiation Between the
Types of Network Topology
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5. DEFINITION
What is a Topology ?
The physical topology of a network refers to the configuration of cables, computers and other peripherals.
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6. TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY
Three commonly used network topologies are:-
Bus network.
Ring network.
Star network.
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7. BUS TOPOLOGY
All computers and devices connected to central cable or bus.
Consists of a main run of cable with a terminator at each end.
Popular on LANs because they are inexpensive and easy to install.
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8. BUS TOPOLOGY
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9. RING TOPOLOGY
Cable forms closed ring or loop, with all computers and devices arranged along ring.
Data travels from device to device around entire ring, in one direction.
Primarily is used for LANs, but also is used in WANs.
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10. RING TOPOLOGY
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11. STAR TOPOLOGY All devices connect to a central device, called hub.
All data transferred
from one computer to
another passes through
hub.
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12. STAR TOPOLOGY
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13. DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN THE THREE TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY
WHAT IS DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN THE THREE OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY?
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14. DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN THE THREE TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY
BUS
ADVANTAGE
DISADVANTAGE
1) Easy to connect computer or
peripheral to a linear bus.
1) Entire network shuts down if
there is a break in the main
cable.
2) Requires less cable length
than a star topology.
2) Terminators are required at both ends of the backbone cable.
3) Difficult to identify the problem if the entire network shuts down.
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15. DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN THE THREE TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY
RING
ADVANTAGE
DISADVANTAGE
1) Data is quickly transferred without a ‘bottle neck’.
Data packets must pass through every computer
between the sender and recipient therefore, this makes it slower.
2) The transmission of data is relatively simple as packets travel in one direction only.
2) If any of the nodes fail then the ring is broken and data cannot be transmitted successfully.
3) It is difficult to troubleshoot
the ring.
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16. DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN THE THREE TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY
STAR
ADVANTAGE
DISADVANTAGE
1) Easy to install and wire.
1) Requires more cable length
than a linear topology.
2) Security can be implemented
in the hub/switch.
2) If the hub or concentrator fails, nodes attached are disabled.
3) Easy to detect faults and to
remove parts.
3) More expensive than linear bus topologies
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17. EXERCISE
1) Which of the following statements describe about network topology correctly ?
A. Devices attached or detached at any
point on the network.
B. The failure of device on the network.
C. Refers to the configuration of cables,
computers and other peripherals.
D. All of the above.
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18. EXERCISE
On a __________, all of the computers and devices (nodes) on the network connect to a central device.
A. Bus network.
B. Ring network.
C. Star network.
D. All of above.
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19. EXERCISE On a star network, the central
device that provides a common connection point for nodes on the network is called the __________.
A. Hub.
B. Personal computer.
C. Printer.
D. File server.
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20. EXERCISE
4) On a bus network, such as that illustrated in the accompanying figure, if one node fails ________.
A. Only that node is affected.
B. Only the nodes before that node are affected.
C. Only the nodes after that node are affected.
D. All the nodes are affected.
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21. The transmission of data is relatively simple
EXERCISE
The transmission of data is relatively simple
as packets travel in one direction only.
5) The statement above is correctly
refer to the ______.
A. Bus network.
B. Ring network.
C. Star network.
D. All of the above.
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22. EXERCISE 6) All the statements true about ring topology except
A. Data is quickly transferred without a ‘bottle neck’.
B. The transmission of data is relatively simple as packets travel in one direction only.
C. If any of the nodes fail then the ring is broken and data cannot be transmitted successfully.
D. Security can be implemented in the hub/switch.
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23. EXERCISE 7) The statement true about star topology is
A. Difficult to identify the problem if the entire
network shuts down.
B. Terminators are required at both ends of the
backbone cable.
C. The transmission of data is relatively simple
as packets travel in one direction only.
D. Easy to detect faults and to remove parts.
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24. SUMMARY BUS TOPOLOGY DEFINITION ADVANTAGE
All computers and devices connected to central cable
ADVANTAGE
Easy to connect a computer or
peripheral to a linear bus.
DISADVANTAGE
Entire network shuts down if
there is a break in the main cable.
Requires less cable length than
a star topology.
Terminators are required at both
ends of the backbone cable.
Difficult to identify the problem
if the entire network shuts down.
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25. SUMMARY RING TOPOLOGY DEFINITION ADVANTAGE
Cable forms closed ring or loop, with all computers and devices arranged along ring.
ADVANTAGE
Data is quickly transferred without a ‘bottle neck’.
The transmission of data is relatively
simple as packets travel in one direction only.
DISADVANTAGE
Data packets must pass through every computer
between the sender and recipient therefore, this makes it slower.
If any of the nodes fail then the ring is broken and data cannot be transmitted successfully.
It is difficult to troubleshoot
the ring.
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26. SUMMARY DEFINITION ADVANTAGE STAR TOPOLOGY
All devices connect to a central device, called hub.
ADVANTAGE
Easy to install and wire.
Security can be implemented
in the hub/switch.
DISADVANTAGE
Requires more cable length
than a linear topology.
If the hub or concentrator fails,
nodes attached are
disabled.
More expensive than linear bus topologies because of the cost of the concentrators.
STAR TOPOLOGY
Easy to detect faults and to
remove parts
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27. Thank You..