1. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES August 2005 EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

2. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES Objectives
Identify indicators that may cause the EMS provider to suspect an incident resulting from explosive devices
Identify signs, symptoms and management of common injuries resulting from explosive devices
Ensure adequate protection for EMS providers in a explosive device incident
August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

3. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES
Easiest weapons of mass destruction (WMD) to obtain and use
70% of all terrorist attacks involve explosives
Can cause massive local destruction
August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

4. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES Ease of Construction August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

5. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES
Used to disperse chemical, biological or radiological agents
Used to cause destruction through explosion or fires (incendiary)
August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

6. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES Uses August 2005 EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

7. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES Ease of Construction Readily available
Detailed instruction can be found on the internet
Cheap, easily constructed using minimal technology
Larger, more powerful devises may have timers or remotely triggered detonators
Activated by light, pressure, movement or radio transmission
August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

8. Availability EXPLOSIVE DEVICES 3,040,000 hits
__________________________
/ \
| HOW TO MAKE A 'REAL' |
| [> PIPE BOMB <] | \__________________________/
By Shootz Bootz
This file was written for INFORMATION PURPOSES ONLY, and NOT forillegal use. The writer cannot be held responsible for anything you do to yourself!!!! If there are any spelling or gramatical errors, then…………..cause I don't really care... my point is driven across.
Well first of all in order to make a pipe bomb,you must first have a pipe. It doesn't matter how big, or how small, you could use a 1 inch copper pipe,or you could use a 2 foot long drainage pipe. Once you have this, you will need a few ingredients first. These ingredients make a substance called 'flash powder'. This can be alot of fun if you make a pile of it about 1/4 lbs. and have your friend light it with a match (some friend). Well, here's what you need:
1> Potassium Clorate(get it at any
chem. store)
2> Powdered Charcoal(not
briquets,take some ash from
the fire place)
3> Powdered Magnesium(ground
up mag. fire starters from
camping sections)
4> Sulpher(you know where to get
this!!!)
5> Some kind of piping
6> Hot glue gun,or melted glue 7> Small drill bit and drill
8> Tissue paper(ex:kleenex)
9> Mist water bottle sprayer
(windex bottle,etc..)
3,040,000 hits
August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

9. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES Are We Immune? Bath, Michigan May 18, 1927
August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

10. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES Are We Immune?
Oklahoma City Federal Building April 19, 1995
August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

11. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES Types of Explosives Energy-releasing reactions
Creation of heat and gases that rapidly expand
Explosives are categorized as:
High-order explosives
Low-order explosives
Based upon the speed the explosive decomposes
Slide hidden
August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

12. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES Blast Pressure PSI Effect
5 Slight chance of eardrum rupture
15 50% chance of eardrum rupture
30 – 40 Slight chance of lung damage
80 Severe lung damage
100 – 120 Slight chance of death
130 – % chance of death
> 200 Nearly 100% chance of death
Slide hidden
August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

13. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES High-Order Explosives Decompose extremely rapidly
Produce supersonic blast wave
Faster than speed of sound
Travels at speeds 900+ mph
Examples include:
TNT
C-4
Semtex
Nitroglycerin
Dynamite
August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

14. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES Low-Order Explosives
Change to gaseous state is relatively slow
Must be in a compressed or enclosed state to explode
Pressure wave is subsonic
Produce large chunks of debris
Examples include:
Pipe bombs
Gunpowder
Ammonium nitrate
August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

15. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES Effects of Explosion
Explosion is a instantaneous release of pressure, heat, and gasses
Usually coupled with fragmentation
Three basic mechanisms:
August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

16. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES Primary Blast Injury
Caused by direct effect of a blast
Occurs only with high-order explosives
Injuries most likely shearing of organs:
Blast lung (pulmonary barotrauma)
Tympanic membrane rupture
Abdominal hemorrhage and perforation
Eye rupture
Concussion
August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

17. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES Primary Blast Injury August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

18. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES Primary Blast Injury August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

19. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES Secondary Blast Injury
Injury resulting in bomb fragments and debris
Injuries include:
Blunt trauma
Penetrating
Musculoskeletal
Soft tissue
August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

20. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES Secondary Blast Injury August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

21. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES Tertiary Blast Injury
Occur when the body is throw against a solid object
Injuries include:
Fractures
Amputations
Brain injuries
(open or closed)
August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

22. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES Tertiary Blast Injury August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness

23. EXPLOSIVE DEVICES EMS Response Evaluate Scene Exercise Safety
Establish Command
Exercise Safety
Request support as needed
PPE
Designate safety zones for patient care
Provide Care
Preserve evidence
August 2005
EMS & Trauma Systems Section
Office of Public Health Preparedness