1. What issue do you see in the picture below. How might it be solved?
Objective: Students will be able to describe the uses of water along with its availability worldwide.
Drill: 2/27/17
What issue do you see in the picture below.
How might it be solved?

2. Drill:2/28
Take 5 minutes to prepare for debate.

3. Agenda Land Use Debate Notes on Water Use/Resources
Use of Water Webquest
Hw: Continue Taking Notes on Ch. 13 (Due Monday)
Finish Water Webquest if you do not in class

4. Water Wars https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ge-7frerKuE
On the back of your ground water intro, take notes while watching this short segment.

5. In the U.S., 450 billion gallons of water are withdrawn each day
Only 100 billion gallons of this are actually consumed.
The remaining 350 billion gallons are withdrawn for nonconsumptive industrial and agricultural uses.

6. Uses of Water in the U.S. Use Description % Public Supply
Furnish water to large groups
11%
Domestic
Household purposes
< 1%
Irrigation
Sustain plant growth
34%
Livestock
Raise & care for cattle
Aquaculture
Raise fish for food, etc.
Industry
Used in manufacturing 5%
Mining
Used to extract minerals
Thermoelectric
To generate electricity
48%

7. Agriculture is one of the largest users of water due to irrigation
Industry is the largest withdrawer of water, but not the largest consumer Water is used to generate electricity (hydroelectric power) and to cool equipment
Agriculture is one of the largest users of water due to irrigation

8. About 57% of irrigation water applied does not reach the targeted crops

9. Major Irrigation Systems
Drip Irrigation: Above or below ground pipes deliver water to individual plant roots
Center Pivot: Water pumped from underground and sprayed from mobile boom with sprinklers.
Gravity Flow: Water usually comes from an aqueduct system or nearby river

10. In the past 30 years, the U.S. population has grown 52% and total water use has tripled!
Americans use approximately 75 to 80 gallons of water per person per day.

11. What do you think are the major causes of water shortages worldwide?

12. Causes of Freshwater Shortages
Dry climate
Drought
Desertification (drying of soil because of such activities as deforestation and overgrazing)
Water Stress (low per capita availability of water caused by increasing numbers of people relying on limited runoff levels)

13. What are the sources of freshwater on our planet?

14. Less than 3% of Water On Earth is Freshwater

15. Freshwater sources Aquifers (ground water) Reservoirs Rivers Streams
Lakes
Glaciers

16. GROUNDWATER

17. Most precipitation returns to the water cycle through evapotranspiration.
Only a small percent infiltrates into the groundwater zone.

18. Groundwater:
Water that either fills the spaces between soil particles or penetrates the cracks and spaces within rocks

19. Zone of Saturation – subsurface in which all pores are filled with water
Water table is located at the top of the saturated zone
Zone of Aeration (unsaturated zone) – lies above the water table. Pores of rock and soil contain air and may be moist but not saturated with water.

20. Aquifer:
A rock unit that will yield water in usable quantities to wells or springs.
Can be visualized as a giant underground sponge which holds water and which, under certain conditions, will allow water to move through it.

22. Recharge Process that allows water to replenish an aquifer.
Occurs naturally when rainfall filters down through the soil or rock into an aquifer.
Artificial recharge is achieved through the pumping (called injection) of water into wells or by spreading water over the surface where it can seep into the ground.
The land area where recharge occurs is called the recharge area or recharge zone.

23. Discharge
The movement of ground water to the surface into a spring, lake, river, or other surface water body; or outflow of ground water from a pumping or flowing well.

24. Desalination
How could you remove salt and other contaminants from water in order to make it safe to drink?

25. Desalination In nature:
The sun causes water to evaporate from surface sources such as lakes, oceans, and streams.
The water vapor eventually comes in contact with cooler air, where it re-condenses to form dew or rain.
This process can be imitated artificially, and more rapidly than in nature, using alternative sources of heating and cooling.