1. Why and where explorers were sent during the Age of Exploration (1400-1650)

2. Goals for Exploration
Exploration would allow countries to gain wealth and fortune.
Countries would also be able to acquire new lands and start new colonies.
They could also spread their religion(Christianity) to natives they encountered.

3. Portugal Takes the Lead
Starting in the 1400s Portugal began to actively expand their trade
Prince Henry the Navigator began a school for navigation, and invited…
-astronomers
-mapmakers
-mathematicians
-ship builders

4. Bartolomeu Dias 1488 -first to round the southern tip of Africa

5. Vasco Da Gama 1498 first to sail around Africa and find a sea route to Asia

6. Pedro Cabral while sailing to India, discovered South America and claimed it for Portugal, continued on to sail to India

7. Here Comes Spain Spain was determined to be a powerful country.
They wanted to beat Portugal to control the trade to Asia.

8. Christopher Columbus 1492 was convinced that it was shorter to reach Asia by sailing west

9. Christopher Columbus 1492
Arrived in the Caribbean Sea thinking that he was in the Indies of Asia. (Indonesia).
Given the credit of discovering the NEW WORLD.
(although he always believed he reached Asia)

10. Amerigo Vespucci
At the request of Portugal’s king, went to observe expeditions across the Atlantic.
Wrote about these expeditions and differed with Columbus that this land mass did not match that of Asia and that it indeed was part of a new continent!
From his writings, mapmakers began labeling the new continents America
in his honor.

11. Ferdinand Magellan
convinced that by sailing west he could find a waterway through this new world and still reach Asia.
Found the southern tip of South America. Sailed across the Pacific Ocean.
Magellan died in a battle in the Philippines.
Only 18 of sailors made it back.
They had circumnavigated the globe

12. Ferdinand Magellan

13. Europe Explores North America
Discovery of the New World led to…
new goals
new ambitions
and new countries
enter the race

14. John Cabot 1497 Sailed for the nation of England
He believed he could reach Asia by sailing northwest across the Atlantic
He explored the area of Canada and thought it was part of Asia.
He claimed it for England.

15. John Cabot 1497

16. Giovanni da Verrazano 1524 Sailed for France
Explored the east coast of
North America
Made the first claims for France
His discoveries improved the maps that would be used by explorers who came after him.

17. Giovanni da Verrazano 1524

18. Henry Hudson 1609 Sailed for the Netherlands
He explored for a Northwest Passage. (Sea route through North America)
Claimed lands around the Hudson River for Dutch.
(Today this is New York City)
Never found Northwest Passage.

19. Henry Hudson 1609

20. Henry Hudson 1610 Also sailed for England.
tried again to find the Northwest Passage.
Claimed lands around Hudson Bay for England.

21. Henry Hudson 1610

22. What’s so great about exploration?
Positive aspects
New maps were created.
New scientific tools were invented and improved for sea travel.(compass, astrolabe, quadrant)
New lands were discovered.
New spices, crops, and medicines were traded
Christianity was spread to new lands, but often at the expense of native religions in conquested lands.

23. What’s so great about exploration?
Negative aspects
Explorers often met new native groups who were often unfriendly.
Explorers often treated natives poorly.
Harsh conditions and illnesses on ships.
Exploration led to trading more slaves.