1. - לעגור תעופהNASA talk
יונתן גל-עד
ירושלים גמנסיה העברית
בוגר

2. Agenda Background- יונתן גל-עד Why Space and NASA history
Intro to Space mission
GSFC Science missions-2018
Asteroid Sample retrieval (OSIRIS-REx)-Launch 2016 September
GOES-R-launch 2016 November, Remaining series (S,T) in 2018
James Webb Space Telescope ( Now 2019)
Take away
Contact info:
מאמר כוכב נולד:

3. קורות חיים 21/11/1954 נולד בירושלים 1960 - שלום כיתה א, גמנסיה רחביה
1967- כיתה ח, מלחמת ששת הימים
1972- בוגר גמנסיה
1972 – צבא ממר'מ
1984- USA
Boeing ( contractor to NASA)
1994 NASA - Current
Education
MBA 1982 Tel-Aviv University
Masters in Engineering Science 2001 – Loyola

4. בדרך לקיוסק של נעים1972

5. NASA work experience
Huston Texas ( )
מאוישManned spacecraft : International Space Station,
GSFC : Greenbelt MD (2000-Current)
James Webb Space Telescope ( )
TDRS- תקשורתCommunications satellites supports astronaut to earth communications. ( )
TDRS K Launched January 2013
LandSat 8-מפוי Remote-sensing mapping ( ) launched February 2013
OSIRIS-REx Ground Systems Manager ( ) Launch September 2016
System Review Manager (2016- Current)

6. Getting Recognition 1990

7. יהודית רביץ) )דברים שרואים משם - לא רואים מכאן
Why Space
Space Offers several unique advantages which make its exploration essential for modern society
Global perspective
A clear view of the universe without the adverse effects of the atmosphere
We take space applications for granted in day to day life:
GPS
Google earth
Weather Maps
יהודית רביץ) )דברים שרואים משם - לא רואים מכאן

8. יש לי ארץ נהדרת

9. NASA Brief History… 2016 – 2024… (Trump) 1960-70
April 12, 1961 the cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin had become the first human in space on, greatly embarrassing the U.S.
On May 25, 1961, President John F. Kennedy announced the goal of sending an American safely to the Moon before the end of the decade.
Moon landing Apollo July 20, 1969
Shuttle
Hubble Space telescope is serviceable
Space Station
Two accidents
(Obama)
End of Shuttle era, US depend on Russia to send astronauts to Space Station
Commercial launch vehicles (Space X), reusable
2016 – 2024… (Trump)
Space Launch System (SLS)
Back to The Moon. On way to Mars
Europa mission – Possibility for life

10. Mission Types/ NASA centers
Manned spacecraft provide valuable information about living and working in space and experiments ( International Space Station) – KSC, JSC , MSFC
Communications satellites tie together remote regions of the globe (TDRS)
Navigation satellites (GPS built by air force not NASA)
Remote-sensing satellites observe the Earth from space, providing weather forecasts, essential military information, and valuable data to help us better manage Earth’s resources (Landsat , GOES) - GSFC
Scientific spacecraft explore the outer reaches of the solar system and peer to the edge of the universe(JWST, OSIRIS-Rex)/GSFC, Mars missions ( JPL)

11. Elements of a Space Mission
The mission statement clearly identifies the major objectives of the mission (why do we do it), the users (who will benefit), and the operations concept (how all the pieces fit together)
A space mission architecture includes the following elements:
Launch vehicles – the rockets which propel the space craft into space and maneuver it along its mission orbit
The spacecraft – composed of the bus and the payload
The trajectories and orbits – the path the spacecraft follows through space. This includes the orbit (or racetrack) the spacecraft follows around the Earth.
Ground Systems:
The mission operations systems – the “glue” that holds the mission together. It consists of the entire infrastructure needed to get the mission off the ground, and keep it there, such as manufacturing facilities, launch sites, communications networks, and mission operations centers.
Science data center- processes spacecraft instrument data and creates end user products ( Maps, Images, graphs)

12. הררכית החלטות משימה Instrument constraints: Sun avoidance
Temperature of detector, Pixel size
Size of optics
Orbits
LEO, GEO, L1/L2 (LaGrange), Planetary
תקשורת
Contacts per day
Radio Frequency ( S-band, X-band, Ka Band) and antenna size
ככל שמתרחקים התקשרת נחלשת ברבוע ( R**2)
Power & Propellant
Size of panels : power need, distance to sun
Battery size to handle eclipse
משקל ( MASS)
Launch vehicles – size Today 4 or 5 meter shroud

13. Projects ( when on schedule) are 10-15 years long
Cost & Numbers
Launch vehicle Million Dollars
Spacecraft bus – Million Dollars
Instruments – 100 – 1 Billion dollars each
Operations/Ground systems million
Mission duration
From concept to launch: 3 – 5 years
3 Years on building a satellite that replace existing Satellite ( TDRS –K, Landsat 8 , GOES-R)
5 years on original science concept
Operations: years.
Projects ( when on schedule) are years long
Each Mission is optimized /Unique

14. Launch Vehicle/ Rocket

15. China becoming a player in space
מערכת שיגור
Rocket first and second stage
Each has own engine
First stage bigger and most propellant
To reduce Mass weight once propellant use Structural Subsystem, מבנה
Payload /cargo sits on top fairing size 4-5 Meter
The players
Russia
Europe ( Ariane )
Unite Space Alliance (Delta and Atlas)
Space X ( and others) – Reuse
מוזילים עלות לשלוח קג לחלל
Space Launch System – 2018 version of Saturn rocket (1968)
China becoming a player in space

16. חללית Flight System Overview
Antennaתקשורת
Spacecraft
Payloadsמטען
הדף
Solar pannelsחשמל
הדף

17. הגורם האנושי קריטי להצלחת פרויקטים מורכבים
SPACE craft
החללית- system of (sub) systems
Bus Structural Subsystem, מבנה
Attitude and Orbit Control Subsystem, נווט
Power Subsystem- חשמל
Thermal Control Subsystem, חמום קרור
Communications Subsystem תקשורת
Tracking Telemetry and Command Subsystem, מחשב
Thrust Subsystem. הדף
מטען/Payload- Instruments define the objective of the mission
GPS, Communications, Weather, Images ( maps, spy)
To carry out a a Space mission Scientist and Engineer need to work together as an integrated team
הגורם האנושי קריטי להצלחת פרויקטים מורכבים

18. Sample Analysis Laboratories
Space to Ground Interface
Sample Analysis Laboratories
Sample Return Capsule Recovery
Curation
Sample Return Capsule
Asteroid Sample
Mission Control
Tlm
Cmd
Command (Cmd) Loads
Telemetry (Tlm)
DSN
חללית
Science Processing & Operations Center (SPOC)
עבוד נתונים מדעי
בקרה
ממסר
Ground Manager is responsible for Ground stations Mission Ops and Science center

19. NASA Communications Complexes
DSN Goldstone CA
Svalbard Norway
DSN Madrid Spain
Svalbard
Alaska
Madrid
Goldstone
White Sands NM
TDRS
TDRS
Canberra
TDRS White Sands NM
כבודו ביקר ברובם
Canberra Australia

20. Svalbard Norway (81° north)

21. GSFC Science missions-2017
Asteroid Sample retrieval (OSIRIS-REx)-
Launch September 2016
Earth Gravity Assist September 2017
Reach Bennu 2018
Sample 2020
Served as ground segment manager from inception till Launch
GOES-R/S/T-
GOES-R launch 2016 November
Critical with 2017 Hurricanes : Harvey, Irma, Jose, Maria
GOES-S : Launch early 2018
Member of review board
James Webb Space Telescope- launch 2019
Served as Ground system chief Engineer ( )

22. OSIRIS-REx Asteroid return Launched 2016
Origins
Return and analyze a sample of pristine carbonaceous asteroid regolith
Spectral Interpretation
Provide ground truth for telescopic data of the entire asteroid population
Resource Identification
Map the chemistry and mineralogy of a primitive carbonaceous asteroid
Security
Measure the Yarkovsky effect on a potentially hazardous asteroid
Regolith Explorer
Document the regolith at the sampling site at scales down to the sub-cm

23. GOES-R Mission Overview-Launch 2016
Space Weather Monitoring
Visual & IR Imagery
Solar Imaging
Lightning Mapping
Improve hurricane track & intensity forecasts
Increase thunderstorm & tornado warning lead time
Improve aviation flight route planning
Data for long-term climate variability studies
Improve solar flare warnings for communications and navigation disruptions
More accurate monitoring of energetic particles responsible for radiation hazards to humans and spacecraft
Better monitoring of Coronal Mass Ejections to improve geomagnetic storm forecasting

24. James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)
Optical Telescope Element (OTE)
Integrated
Science
Instrument
Module (ISIM)
Organization
Mission Lead: Goddard Space Flight Center
International collaboration with ESA & CSA
Prime Contractor: Northrop Grumman Space Technology
Instruments:
Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) – Univ. of Arizona
Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) – ESA
Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) – JPL/ESA
Fine Guidance Sensor (FGS) – CSA
Operations: Space Telescope Science Institute
Cold, space-facing side
Sunshield
Warm, Sun-facing side
Spacecraft Bus
Description
Deployable infrared telescope with 6.5 meter diameter segmented adjustable primary mirror
Cryogenic temperature telescope and instruments for infrared performance
Launch June 2018 on an ESA-supplied Ariane 5 rocket to Sun-Earth L2
5-year science mission (10-year goal)
JWST Science Themes
End of the dark ages: First light and reionization
The assembly of galaxies
Birth of stars and proto-planetary systems
Planetary systems and the origin of life

25. JWST Full Scale Model at the GSFC

26. You work on cool projects to improve the quality of life on earth
למה כדאי לעבוד ב
The USA invests big money in technical and scientific projects:
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) is national priority
You get to meet important people ( VIP יחצני"ם):
Queen of England
Clinton
Nobel Prize winner: John Mather /JWST scientist
Astronauts- “The right stuff”
You visit interesting (and not so interesting) places
Svalbard is great in June- avoid January..
Sioux Falls South Dakota in the winter
You work on cool projects to improve the quality of life on earth

27. With Bill C

28. עצות לחייםTake Away School / university provide educational
The real world requires tailoring for specifics implementation
If possible use your military carrier to set you in the right trajectory
All Jobs (even hi tech) you have to deal with human element
Make contacts (Army, School)
Be a team player - There is no I in Team
When you focus - things get bigger:
You become an expert in a field if you invest time and energy
Continually update your skills- or else you will be extinct
And last (but not least)- Enjoy the journey

29. Animation Falcon 9 Launch and land
OSIRIS-REx
JWST: .