1. Poetic Sound Devices “Poetry is music…
combined with a pleasurable idea.” Poe

2. Alliteration Repetition of initial consonant sounds “tried and true”
“safe and sound”
“philosophy and folly”

3. Assonance Repetition of vowel sounds “mad as a hatter”
“time out of mind”
“free and easy”

4. Consonance Repetition of final consonant sounds “first and last”
“odds and ends”
“short and sweet”

5. Rhyme
Repetition of the accented vowel sound and any succeeding consonant sounds.
Masculine: involves only one syllable
“cat and bat”, “support and retort”
Feminine: involves two or more syllables
“turtle and fertile”, “spitefully and delightfully”

6. Internal Rhyme
One or more rhyming words are within a single line of poetry
“I wake to sleep, and take my waking slow.”
“I hear my being dance from ear to ear.”

7. End Rhyme Rhyming words are at the ends of lines
I wake to sleep and take my waking slow.
I feel my fate in what I cannot fear.
I learn by going where I have to go.

8. Slant Rhyme
Include words with any kind of sound similarity, from close to fairly remote
Alliteration, Assonance, Consonance at the end of a line
Half-rhyme (feminine rhyme in which only half of the word rhymes)
“lightly and frightful” or “yellow and willow”

9. Rhyme Riche Rhyming words sound identical, but have different meanings
“bard and barred”
“board and bored”

10. Eye-Rhyme
Words appear to rhyme based on their spelling but sound completely different when pronounced.
“dough and tough”
“how and low”

11. Onomatopoeia Use of words which sound like what they mean
“hiss, snap, bang”
“bow-wow”, “cock-a-doodle-do”
“jingles” “rustles”

12. Phonetic Intensives Sound of word connects to its meeting
Fl- moving light, “flame” “flare” “flash”
Gl- unmoving light, “glare” “gleam”
Sl- smoothly wet, “slick” “slide”
St-strength, “stalwart” “stout” “sturdy”

13. Short i
Smallness
Inch, imp, thin, slim
Little, sliver, glimmer, pigmy

14. Long o or oo Suggests melancholy or sorrow Moan, groan, woe
Mourn, forlorn, toll
Doom, gloom, moody

15. -AR
Big light or noise
Flare
Glare
Blare

16. -AT Particled movement Spatter, scatter, shatter
Rattle, prattle, clatter, batter

17. -er and -le Indicate repetition Glitter, flutter, shimmer, whisper
Ripple, bubble, twinkle, rattle

18. Euphony Sounds chosen for smooth and pleasant sounds Long vowels
Fate, reed, rhyme, coat, food, dune
Liquid consonants
l, m, n, r, v, f, w, y, th, wh

19. Cacophony Sounds chosen for rough and harsh sounds Short vowels
Fat, red, cot, foot, dun
Plosives
b, d, g, k, p, t