1. НОВИЙ ВАКУУМНИЙ КОНТАКТОР З ВЕРТИКАЛЬНИМ РОЗТАШУВАННЯМ ПОЛЮСІВ, ВЕРТИКАЛЬНИМ РОЗТАШУВАННЯМ АКТУАТОРА ТА МІКРОПРОЦЕСОРНОЮ СИСТЕМОЮ КЕРУВАННЯ
КЛИМЕНКО Борис Володимирович, д.т.н., проф. ЄРЕСЬКО Олександр В’ячеславович, к.т.н., доц.
Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут“
Харків, р.
© Клименко Б.В.

2. МЕХАНІЧНІ КОНТАКТОРИ ДЛЯ МЕРЕЖ СЕРЕДНІХ НАПРУГ
(mechanical) contactor ( ) – a mechanical switching device having only one position of rest, operated otherwise than by hand, capable of making, carrying and breaking currents under normal circuit conditions including operating overload conditions
© Клименко Б.В.

3. УНІВЕРСАЛЬНИЙ ВАКУУМНИЙ КОНТАКТОР VSC (ABB) З БІСТАБІЛЬНИМ АКТУАТОРОМ (ВЕРТИКАЛЬНИЙ ДИЗАЙН)
© Клименко Б.В.

4. MONOSTABILE (one position of rest) BISTABILE (two positions of rest)
ELECTROMAGNETS & ACTUATORS
magnet ( ) – device intended to produce an external magnetic field
electromagnet ( ) – magnet the magnetic field of which is produced essentially by electric current
(electric) actuator ( ) – device that produces a specified movement when excited by an electric signal
electro-pneumatic, spring-motor, electromagnetic
electromagnetic actuator – electric actuator in which the specified movement fully or partially created by electromagnet
Let us turn to the consideration of proposals concerning actuators 
Definition of the actuator 
Varieties of actuators for switching devices 
In what follows we shall consider only electromagnetic actuators 
Varieties of electromagnetic actuators 
And the definition of the position of rest 
ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATORS
MONOSTABILE (one position of rest)
BISTABILE (two positions of rest)
position of rest (of electromagnet) – the position which the moving elements of the electromagnet take up when its windings are not energized
 B. Klymenko 4 4

5. CLASSIFICATION OF ELECTROMAGNETS FOR ACTUATORS
ACCORDING TO KIND OF CURRENT IN THE COIL DC AC
NON-POLARIZED
POLARIZED
ACCORDING TO THE MOTION DIRECTION DEPENDING ON THE CURRENT DIRECTION IN THE COIL
ACCORDING TO THE METHOD FOR COIL SUPPLY
NON-FORCED
FORCED
ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER OF REST POSITIONS
MONOSTABLE
BISTABLE
Here is a classification of electromagnets for actuators 
Actuators for MV Vacuum Switching Device do not use AC electromagnets, as well as non-forced DC electromagnets 
In accordance with the IEV, polarized electromagnets contain windings and permanent magnets 
In MV Vacuum Switching Devices, both Low Coercive Permanent Magnets and High Coercive Permanent Magnets are used 
Our proposals concern polarized electromagnets with Permanent High Coercive magnets 
polarized electromagnet ( ) – magnet the magnetic field of which is produced partly by inherent magnetization and partly by electric current
Low &
High Coercive Permanent Magnets
 B. Klymenko 5 5

6. ELECTROMAGNETS & ACTUATORS FOR MV VACUUM SWITCHING DEVICES
Contactors: Siemens, Areva, CG…
NON-POLARIZED MONOSTABLE
MONOSTABLE
Сontactor
NON-POLARIZED BISTABLE
BISTABLE
CB: BB TEL (TE)
Contactor: VSC (ABB)
Possible options of organization of MV vacuum switching devices are shown on this slide 
Monostable actuators with forced non-polarized monostable electromagnets in Siemens, Areva, Eaton, CG contactors and even in ABB contactors are used 
Bistable actuators with non-polarized monostable electromagnets in circuit breakers BB TEL (TE) are used 
Actuators with polarized bistable electromagnets in ABB apparatus (CB VM1 – bistable actuator) & contactors (Contactor VSC – bistable/monostable actuator) are used 
Polarized monostable electromagnets, as far as we know, has not been used in the MV vacuum switching devices so far. We are trying to fill this niche 
POLARIZED MONOSTABLE
POLARIZED MONOSTABLE СB
POLARIZED BISTABLE
CB: VM-1 (ABB)
 B. Klymenko 6 6

7. MV VACUUM CONTACTOR (ABB) WITH BISTABLE POLARIZED ACTUATORS3 4 2 1
This slide shows the first polarized electromagnet for actuators (ABB), in which the NdFeB material was applied , as well as the patterns of the magnetic field variation in the magnetic circuit during the switching operation    . These electromagnets are used in CBs VM1 and contactors VSC. In these devices there are no return springs, that is, the electromagnet is an actuator 
Here are some characteristics of the electromagnet of CBs VM1. These data are very inaccurate, because they were obtained by calculation, based on very approximate initial data. I could not determine the initial data for the contactors VSC. The disadvantages of these electromagnets are a high external magnetic field, and also the relatively large dimensions and mass of copper and neodymium. 
 B. Klymenko 7 7

8. PROTOTYPE OF NEW MV VACUUM CONTACTOR
© Клименко Б.В.

9. QUASI-BISTABLE ELECTROMAGNET FOR ACTUATORS OF CBs & CONTACTORS
This slide shows sketches of a new, not yet patented electromagnet with an open and closed magnetic circuit. This electromagnet I called quasi-bistable because it has two stable positions of rest, but if for the transition from an open position to a closed position, only the supply of current to the closing winding and for the transition from a closed position to an open position in addition to supplying current to the opening coil the action of the return spring is required. This electromagnet employs a ferromagnetic shunt 
 B. Klymenko 9 9

10. DISTRIBUTION OF THE MAGNETIC FIELD IN THE AXIAL CROSS-SECTION OF QUASI-BISTABLE ELECTROMAGNET WHEN THE CLOSING OPERATION IS PERFORMED
Fm = 0; F = N
Fm = 7 kA; F = N
Fm = 3 kA; F = + 13 N
Fm = 5 kA; F = N
This slide shows the distribution of the magnetic field in the open magnetic circuit of this electromagnet with increasing magnetomotive force in the closing winding. As you can see, the magnetic field is gradually displaced from the upper ferromagnetic ring to the main gap, where the force is required to closing operation of the electromagnet.
 B. Klymenko 10 10

11. DISTRIBUTION OF THE MAGNETIC FIELD IN THE AXIAL
CROSS-SECTION OF QUASI-BISTABLE ELECTROMAGNET
WHEN THE OPENING OPERATION IS PERFORMED
Fm = 0; F = N
Fm = kA; F = N
Fm = -1 kA; F = N
Fm = -1.5 kA; F = N
This slide shows the distribution of the magnetic field in the closed magnetic circuit of this electromagnet with increasing magnetomotive force in the opening winding. As you can see, the magnetic field is gradually displaced from the main gap to the area of the upper ring, so that the force of attraction of the armature to the core and yoke is reduced. By the action of the return spring an opening operation is performed .
 B. Klymenko 11 11

12. DIAGRAM OF THE POWER CIRCUITS OF THE CONTROL DEVICE
© Клименко Б.В.

13. OSCILLOGRAMS
© Клименко Б.В.

14. THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR YOUR ATTENTION ЩИРО ДЯКУЄМО ЗА ВАШУ УВАГУ