1. Genetics & Heredity
Sections VIII - end

2. Human Genome Project
In 2003, the mapping of the human genome was considered completed at 99% given the current technology of the times
Increased processes continue to develop easier sequencing and identification methods
Example: 23 and me - Your personal genetic report

3. See Information in notes and the following Examples and Problems
Human Inheritance
See Information in notes and the following
Examples and Problems

4. Dominant/Recessive Polydactyly: Dominant PKU: Recessive
Cystic Fibrosis: Recessive

5. Some Examples of human traits on link & following slides
10 Human traits exhibiting complete dominance
Some Examples of human traits on link & following slides

6. Attached Lobe Unattached Lobe
                          
                            
Unattached Earlobe—dominant—chromosome 21

7. Cheek Dimples
                                                   
Cheek Dimples Dominant---Chromosome 5

8. Widow's Peak
                                                                  
Widow’s peak --- dominant---chromosome 4

9. Straight Thumb is dominant---chromosome 17
Hitchhiker's Thumb
Regular Thumb
                        
Straight Thumb is dominant---chromosome 17

10. Mid-digital Hair is dominant. Carried on chromosome 10

11. Freckles –dominant Carried on chromosome 9

12. Long Second Toe Dominant---Chromosome 20 TT or Tt
Short Second Toe
Long Second Toe
                               
                                  
Long Second Toe Dominant---Chromosome TT or Tt

13. Tongue Rolling
                                                          
Dominant---on chromosome RR, Rr

14. Cleft Chin
                                                                
Dominant—on chromosome 16 CC, Cc

15. Incomplete Dominance Blending: Red and White flowers R=Red W=White
RW=Pink

16. Codominance Sickle Cell Anemia AA=Normal SS=Sickle Cell disease
SA= Sickle Cell Trait (Resist Malaria)

17. Multiple Alleles Blood Type: Type A=AA, AO Type B=BB, BO Type O=OO
Type AB=AB

18. Polygenic Produced by interaction of several genes
Show wide ranges of phenotypes
Example: human skin and hair color and other complex traits

19. SKIN COLOR

21. Sex linked inheritance

22. Sex Linked Sex Chromosomes X & Y Female=XX Male=XY
Colorblindness: X linked recessive
Hemophilia:
Duchenne M.D.
Male Baldness

23. Barr Body Barr body – inactivated X chromosome in females
Prevents cell from being “overloaded” on proteins made by X chromosome

24. Genes
Genes alone do not determine phenotype. They only determine our maximum genetic potential.
Environmental factors also affect appearance: nutrition, exercise, healthy practices

25. Pedigrees
Notes information in your booklet

26. Karyotypes

27. Normal Karyotypes
arrangement of chromosomes in pairs by size starting with the longest pair and ending with the sex chromosomes
Can be used to detect genetic disorders caused by non-disjunction of chromosomes during meiosis

28. Non-disjunction

29. Normal Karyotypes

30. Karyotypes - Anomalies