1. Hazard Assessment

2. Why Hazard Assessment? 29 CFR Part 1910. Subpart I
Increases Awareness of Workplace Hazards
Provides opportunity to identify and control workplace hazards
Can lead to increased productivity
May prevent an Occupational Injury or Illness

3. What is PPE?
Equipment worn by an employee that is designed to prevent injury or illness from a specific hazard.

4. Before PPE Administrative Controls Engineering Controls
Change Work Practices
Change Hazardous Duties
Cease Hazardous Duties
Engineering Controls
Sound insulation
Guards
Tools

5. Administrative Changes ! For Example.... Vs
Working off Ladder
Oil based paint
Sand blasting in booth
Jackhammering
Gloved hand
Working off Scaffold
Water based paint
Sand blasting in cabinet
Hole Ram
Hot Sticks

6. Engineering Controls Machine Guards Sound deadening/dampening
Shielding

7. Controlling Hazards
PPE devices alone should not be relied on to provide protection against hazards, but should be used in conjunction with guards, engineering controls, and sound work practices .

8. Assessment and Selection
It is necessary to consider certain general guidelines for assessing the foot, head, eye and face, and hand hazard situations that exist in an occupational operation or process, and to match the protective devices to the particular hazard. It is the responsibility of the supervisor to exercise common sense and appropriate expertise to accomplish these tasks.

9. Assessment Guidelines.
Conduct a walk through survey of the areas in question. The purpose of the survey (or field observation) is to identify sources of hazards to workers and co workers.

10. Hazard Sources sources of MOTION sources of EXTREME temperatures
types of chemical exposures
sources of harmful dust
sources of light radiation
sources of falling objects or potential for dropping objects
sources of sharp objects
sources or rolling or pinching objects
layout of workplace and location of co workers
any electrical hazards

11. In addition....
injury/ accident data should be reviewed to help identify problem areas.

12. Organize data
Following the walkthrough survey, it is necessary to organize the data and information for use in the assessment of hazards. The objective is to prepare for an analysis of the hazards in the environment to enable proper selection of protective equipment.

13. Analyze data
Having gathered and organized data on a workplace, an estimate of the potential for injuries should be made. Each of the basic hazards should be reviewed and a determination made as to the type, level of risk. and seriousness of potential injury from each of the hazards found in the area.
The possibility of exposure to several hazards simultaneously should be considered.

14. Selection guidelines
Become familiar with the potential hazards and the type of protective equipment that is available, and what it can do; i.e.., splash protection, impact protection, etc.
Compare the hazards associated with the environment; i.e.., impact velocities, masses, projectile shape, radiation intensities, with the capabilities of the available protective equipment

15. Selection guidelines (cont.)
Select the protective equipment which ensures a level of protection greater than the minimum required to protect employees from the hazards.
Fit the user with the protective device and give instructions on care and use of the PPE.

16. Selection Note
It is very important that end users be made aware of all warning labels for and limitations of their PPE

17. Reassessment of hazards
It is the responsibility of the supervisor to reassess the workplace hazard situation as necessary, by identifying and evaluating new equipment and processes, reviewing accident records, and reevaluating the suitability of previously selected PPE

18. So how do I Do all This????

19. JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS

20. Job Safety Analysis
The breaking down into its component parts of any method or procedure to determine the hazards connected with each key step and the requirements for performing it safely.

21. Job Safety Analysis Priorities
New Jobs
Severity Potential
History of Disabling Injuries
Frequency of Accidents

22. Job Safety Analysis Job means “task”
(Changing a tire not auto mechanic)
“key” steps
too detailed becomes cumbersome
not enough detail becomes useless

23. Break job down into key steps AVOID!!
making the breakdown so detailed That an unnecessarily large number of steps results
making the job breakdown so general that basic steps are not recorded

24. Key Steps TOO MUCH Changing a Flat Tire
Pull off road
Put car in “park”
Set brake
Activate emergency flashers
Open door
Get out of car
Walk to trunk
Put key in lock
Open trunk
Remove jack
Remove Spare tire

25. Key Steps NOT ENOUGH Changing a Flat Tire
Park car
take off flat tire
put on spare tire
drive away

26. Key Job Steps JUST RIGHT Changing a Flat tire
Park car, set brake
remove jack & tire from trunk
loosen log nuts
jack up car
remove tire
set new tire
jack down car
tighten lug nuts
store tire & jack

27. Hazards Parking Car Removing tire & jack Loosen lug nuts
Struck by Traffic
Removing tire & jack
Back Strain
bang head on trunk
Loosen lug nuts
back/arm strain
slip & fall
Jacking up car
car could fall off jack
Setting new tire
fingers pinched
back strain
Tighten nuts
slip & fall

28. Work Observation
Select experienced worker(s) who will cooperate and participate in the JSA process.
Explain purpose of JSA
Observe the employee perform the job and write down basic steps
Completely describe each step
Note deviations (Very Important!)

29. Job Safety Analysis

30. Identify Hazards & Potential Accidents
Search for Hazards
Produced by Work
Produced by Environment
Repeat job observation as many times as necessary to identify all hazards

31. Develop Solutions Find a new way to do job
Change physical conditions that create hazards
Change the work procedure
Reduce frequency

32. New way to do job
Determine the work goal of the job, and then analyze the various ways of reaching this goal to see which way is safest.
Consider work saving tools and equipment.

33. Change in physical conditions
Tools, materials, equipment layout or location
Study change carefully for other benefits (costs, time savings)

34. Change in work procedures
What should the worker do to eliminate the hazard
How should it be done?
Document changes in detail

35. Reduce frequency What can be done to reduce the frequency of the job??
Identify parts that cause frequent repairs - change
Reduce vibration save machine parts

36. What effects??
A job that has been redesigned may affect other jobs or work processes.
Check or reobserve the new process once it has been redesigned