1. PENGEMBANGAN CAI

2. CAI (computer-assisted instruction
Pembelajaran berbantuan komputer
Penggunaan komputer untuk menyajikan materi pembelajaran
CAI digunakan secara individual (bukan klasikal)

3. CAI Disebut juga sebagai: Pembelajaran berbasis multimedia Courseware
CAI: computer-assisted instruction
CBE: computer-based education
CAL: computer-assisted learning
IAC: instructional applications of computers
CBI: Computer-based Instruction

4. Keuntungan CAI interaktif memberi feedback segera infinitely patient
motivates learners
provides consistency in presentation
can adjust difficulty to level of learner

5. Keuntungan CAI
able to branch to provide appropriate content presentation to the learner
can present concepts or processes dynamically and using multiple forms of representation
can maintain records of student performance

6. Keterbatasan CAI frees the instructor to do other things
equipment and software can be costly
development takes time and money
not all learning outcomes are well addressed by CBI

7. Keterbatasan CAI
unsophisticated applications may not make good use of the computer
simple CBI has limited modalities (but multimedia is changing that)

8. Tools Pengembangan Programming Languages relatively inexpensive
powerful and flexible
difficult to learn and to use
Pascal, C, Java

9. Tools Pengembangan Authoring Tools relatively easy to learn and use
powerful for some applications but limited to others
expensive
examples: Visual Basic, IconAuthor, Quest, Pathware, Toolbook

10. Tools Pengembangan Multimedia/Hypermedia Tools
relatively easy to learn and use
relatively powerful and flexible
moderately priced
examples: Macromedia Flash, Macromedia Director, Authorware, Dreamweaver

11. Langkah Pengembangan Analisis kebutuhan Menentukan tujuan
Mengumpulkan Resources
Mempelajari materi
5. Merancang urutan pembelajaran

12. Langkah Pengembangan 6. Membuat flowchart 7. Membuat Storyboard
8. Membuat Program
Melakukan evaluasi dan revisi
Implementasi

13. Development Process 1. Analisis kebutuhan
Cari tahu apa yang dibutuhkan oleh siswa
Bagaimana karakteristik siswa (familiarity to computers, interest in the subject, educational level, experience in the subject)

14. Development Process 2. Menentukan tujuan
what the student should know or be able to do
state your Goals (e.g. to teach people how to operate the computer)

15. Development Process 3. Mengumpulkan Resources
textbooks, reference books, films, etc.
procurement of hardware and software requirements

16. Development Process 3. Mengumpulkan Resources Subject Resources
materials relevant to the subject matter
Instructional Design Resources
materials relevant to the instructional development
Media Resources
hardware, software, operation manuals

17. Development Process 4. Mempelajari Materi
refer to expert if not familiar with subject matter
studying resources gathered
includes content structure and not only the actual content

18. Development Process 5. Merancang urutan pembelajaran
Memilih topik-topik yang akan disajikan
Menentukan urutan bagaimana materi disajikan sehingga mudah dipelajari
Menentukan topik-topik yang membutuhkan gambar, animasi, simulasi, video, dll.

19. Development Process 6. Membuat Flowchart
series of diagrams describing the operations a computer performs
visual representation of decisions and events
shows sequence

20. Development Process 7. Membuat Storyboard
process of preparing textual and pictorial displays
depicts content and presentation
draft of actual instructional messages such as presentations, questions, feedback, directions, prompts, pictures, and animations

21. Development Process 8. Membuat Program
translation of what you have on paper into a series of instructions understandable to the computer

22. Development Process 9. Melakukan Evaluate dan revisi 10. Implementasi
Alpha dan beta testing
Revisi
Evaluasi efektivitas CAI
10. Implementasi
Installation
Training

23. Design in Detail

24. Design Brainstorming Elimination of Ideas Task and Concept Analysis
Preliminary Lesson Description
Evaluation and Revision of the Design

25. Design Elimination of Ideas Bases: Characteristics of the students
Relationship of ideas to the subject matter
Amount of time
Restrictions of your instructional delivery system

26. Design Task and Concept Analysis
determine a suitable teaching sequence
produce the necessary details of the lesson
purpose: Sequence, Structure, Content
Task Analysis: determine an efficient sequence for teaching the content
Concept Analysis: analysis of the content

27. Design Task and Concept Analysis Make a Loaf of Bread
Prepare the Dough
Bake the Dough
Prepare
the Pan
Prepare
the Oven
Bake the
Dough
Task Analysis of Bread Baking

28. Design Task and Concept Analysis Philippine History Pre-Spanish Period
Magellan’s
Discovery
Colonization
Rev.
Concept Analysis of Philippine History

29. Design Preliminary Lesson Description
identifying types of learning (verbal learning, motor skills, problem solving, rule learning, concept learning, attitudes, and cognitive strategies)
choosing a methodology
identifying procedures and required skills

30. Design Preliminary Lesson Description
factor decisions (e.g. feedback, question types, directions, student control, motivation, judging, etc.)
sequence description (focus: pre-requisites, assumptions)

31. Design Ideas Dialing local calls Telephone Courtesy
Dialing for Information
Types of Learning
Simple skill
Attitude learning
Concept and Procedure
Learning

32. Design Factor Response Types Response Mode Provision for Help Decision
Pointing at numbers to dial
Pointing with mouse
Yes, by pointing at a HELP
button

33. Flowchart Indicates the beginning of the flowchart Start
Indicates the end of the
flowchart
End
Description of what happens
(interaction or feedback)

34. Flowchart Indicates the flow with the Flowchart
Indicates decision points
Subroutine Symbol

35. Flowchart Level 1 Flowchart no branches or decision points
tells what the application/piece is all about

36. Flowchart Level 2 Flowchart
Comprehensive overview of the structure of the lesson
includes most of the pedagogical attributes
Contains major branches
does not contain detailed programming decision e.g. internal branches for data storage or retrieval

37. Flowchart Level 3 Flowchart
Put details to subroutines e.g. computational algorithms

38. Storyboards Where do you wan to go next? Queues Stacks Linked Lists X
Storyboard Number: Menu1.2
Comments
If queues, go to T1
If Stacks, go to T2
If Linked Lists, go to T3
Where do you wan to go next?
Queues
Stacks
Linked Lists X

39. Sekian