1. Patterns in the periodic table
Notes: Periodic Table Part 1
Patterns in the periodic table

2. The Periodic Table

3. How do I read the periodic table?
2 ways to read
Up/down (vertical)= Column
Left/right (horizontal) = Row

4. What is a Family/Group? A family/group is a column
1-18 families on table
They have similar properties due to same number of valence electrons.

5. What is a Period? A period is a row. 1-7 periods on table
All elements in a period have the same number of orbitals.

6. What happens to valence electrons as you go from left to right?
Valence electrons INCREASE

7. What happens to the size of the atom as you go down a group?
The atom gets larger the farther you go down a group.

9. Atom gets smaller from left to right across a period.
What happens to the size of the atom as you go from left to right across a period?
Atom gets smaller from left to right across a period.

10. What happens to the atomic number across a period?
ATOMIC NUMBER INCREASES

11. What happens to the atomic mass across a period?
ATOMIC MASS INCREASES

12. What happens to density from left to right in a period?
Density INCREASES then DECREASES

13. Boiling Point INCREASES then Decreases
What happens to boiling/melting point from left to right in a period?
Boiling Point INCREASES then Decreases

14. What is ionization energy?
Ionization energy is the energy needed for an atom to lose an electron.
Elements in group 1 or 2 only have 1 or 2 valence electrons so they easily give up their electrons. This is why they have a low ionization energy. It doesn’t take much for them to give away an electron.
Ionization energy increases from left to right, so it gets harder for elements to lose their electrons.

17. What happens to reactivity in the periodic table?
Metals get more reactive to the left of the table and down a group.
Non-metals get more reactive to the right of the table and up a group. (excluding group 18)