1. Good Afternoon! Please grab your drill books and take a seat!

2. 10/31 Do Now: Write the answers in your book
10/31 Do Now: Write the answers in your book. Start every answer on a new line.
1. What were the two major outcomes from the McCulloch v Maryland Supreme Court Case? Why are they important?
2. What do we mean by expressed powers of Congress? What are implied powers of Congress?
3. This Friday is a trip up to Morgan State for College Day. Have you ever been on a college trip? Do you know if you are going to apply to a traditional 4 year college? Or would you rather go to a school specifically for your trade?

3. Early Announcements Entrance Procedure Check
It’s Getting Colder Outside
Trip on Friday
Picture Day this week
Field Trip to Morgan on Friday
Lateness Hammer Coming

4. 1. In which of these cases did the U. S
1. In which of these cases did the U.S. Supreme Court interpret the “necessary and proper” clause of the United States Constitution?
Marbury v. Madison
McCulloch v. Maryland
Tinker v. Des Moines School District
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka

5. 2. The “Elastic Clause” gives Congress implied power to act in areas not specifically names in the Constitution. Congress is exercising its power under the Elastic Clause when it…
Approves a new one-dollar coin
Sends troops to another country
Prohibits mail fraud
Passes a new budget

6. 3. Which of these was an effect of the Supreme Court decision in McCulloch v. Maryland?
It guaranteed the right to an attorney in criminal cases
It established the separate but equal doctrine.
State laws that conflicted with federal laws become unconstitutional
Congress had only those powers that were stated in the Constitution

7. 4. Which clause in the Constitution gives Congress the most power to make new laws?
the Taxes and Excise Clause
the Patents and Copyrights Clause
the Elastic Clause
the Bill of Attainder Clause

8. 5. Which of these official is responsible for making laws. A
5. Which of these official is responsible for making laws? A. a federal judge B. the governor of a state C. a United States Senator D. the Secretary of Defense

9. 6. Which of these has the most control over the United States' defense spending? A. the Supreme Court B. the Secretary of the Treasury C. the Congress D. the Secretary of State

10. How a Bill Becomes a Law

11. “It usually takes a hundred years to make a law, and then after it has done its work, it usually takes a hundred years to get rid of it.”
-Henry Ward Beecher

12. Quick Notes
The process through which a bill becomes a law is a long, complex process.
We will only cover the major steps of this process, along with explanations of it as well as some of its consequences.
What we cover in our notes relates to the national level – we will adjust it at the bottom to describe how it works on a state level.

13. 1. The Bill is introduced in the House of Representatives
Bills initially begin as ideas. These can be ideas that a citizen came up with and told their Representative or a campaign promise of a Representative.
These ideas have to be written down in a specific format and introduced by any member of the House.

14. 2. The Bill is studied by a committee in the House
After it is officially submitted, the Speaker of the House assigns it to the appropriate committee.
Each committee has its own specific group of Representatives on it with an expertise in the area.
Examples: Agriculture, Budget, Intelligence, etc.
They use their expertise to debate & modify the bill. Most bills die in committee, but those that survive go back to the floor of the House.

15. 3. The Bill is debated and voted on by the entire House of Representatives
The bill is read out loud, debated by everyone. It can be changed during this process.
The House then votes on any amendment/change done the bill.
Then the whole House votes on the Bill as it looks right now, with any amendments to it. Bill must earn majority of votes in favor to pass.
If it fails, it could die. Or Speaker could send it back to committee.

16. 4. The Bill is introduced in to the US Senate
If a bill passes in the U.S. House of Representatives, an exact copy of the bill is sent to the U.S. Senate.

17. 5. The Bill is studied by a committee in the Senate
The bill is sent to a Senate committee for review and discussion before proceeding to the Senate floor for a vote.
They could amend it however they see fit.

18. 6. The Bill is debated and voted by the entire Senate
The Senate, like the House, considers each of their specific amendments separately before the bill is voted on as a whole.
Unlike the House, the Senate typically votes by voice (instead of electronically).

19. 7. The Bill is sent to a conference committee to work out any differences between the House & Senate
If the bill is passed by the Senate, both the House and Senate bills are returned to the House with a note indicating any changes.
If the Senate has made amendments, the House must vote on the bill again as both Chambers of Congress must agree to identical legislation in order for it to become law.
If the Speaker of the House decides the Senate amendments require further research, the bill can be sent back to committee before the House votes again.

20. 8. The Bill is sent to the President to sign or veto
When both Chambers have passed identical legislation, the enrolling clerk prepares the final document for presentation to the President of the United States. When the President receives the bill, he has three options:
Pass: If the President approves the bill he signs it and it becomes a law.
Veto: He returns the bill to the House with his objections within 10 days.
Pocket Veto: If the President does not sign or return it to Congress with objections within 10 days, it becomes law as long as Congress remains in session. If Congress recesses before the 10 days have passed, the bill dies.

21. 9. The House & Senate can override a veto with a 2/3 vote in both House & Senate
If the President vetoes the bill, it is sent back to the U.S. House of Representatives.
From here, the Speaker may decide not to pursue the bill further, send it back to committee for further consideration, or return to the bill to the House Floor for a vote.
In order to override the President’s veto, the bill will need to pass by two-thirds majority in both chambers of Congress.

22. Video

23. “It usually takes a hundred years to make a law, and then after it has done its work, it usually takes a hundred years to get rid of it.”
-Henry Ward Beecher

24. Quick /31
What are the advantages to it taking a really long time to get a bill passed into a law? What are the disadvantages? Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages? Why or why not?

25. Schoolhouse Rocks: I’m Just A Bill

26. Writing Your Own Legislation
Using the examples from a number of weeks ago as your guide, you will write your own piece of legislation for consideration.
It can be about something school-related or something that would impact the entire country, like a regular law.
Every section of this paper must be filled out! Remember, laws are usually hundreds of pages long.