1. Alexander the Great

2. His Dream
Alexander dreamed of a world wide state in which all people lived together in peace.
He believed the only way to do this was to unite the Greeks, Macedonians, and the Persians.

3. What was his army like & why?
Soldiers had to cut their hair and shave their beards so enemies could not grab them during battles.
Scientists & philosophers were in his army.
- they sent plant & animal samples back to Athens for Aristotle to classify

4. Was he successful? What do you think? He never achieved unity.
Macedonians and Greeks looked down on Persian customs and language.
- they called the Persians barbaroi or barbarians. (=uncivilized)

5. Alexandria
Alexander founded close to seventy cities, and he named 16 of them after himself!
Alexandria, Egypt: A great center for trade and learning.
- It had:
Two great harbors.
Four hundred foot lighthouse.
School with a library known as The Museum.
(*Remember the reading story –
The Librarian Who Measured the Earth!)

6. After His Death He became a legend = “Alexander the Great”
Alexander’s empire was no longer united after his death. Some areas returned to their original rulers, others were divided among his generals.
Greek cultural influence became stronger than ever.
1. use of Greek language, law, calendar, coins
2. Greek customs & ideas taught in schools
3. merchants & bankers ran their businesses using Greek methods.
Watch this video about Alexander the Great!

7. What Happened to Greece?
City-states never regained their power.
Economic conditions worsened.
- many Greeks moved away to find jobs ↓
population in the Greek city-states declined
there weren’t enough people to farm & produce food.

8. ↓
People were concerned with just being able to feed themselves and not with defense against invaders.
*By 146 BC, most Greek city-states were under Roman rule.