1. Alexander the Great 5-3

2. Macedonia Attacks Greece
Macedonia lies North of Greece.

3. Macedonia Attacks Greece
They raised sheep and horses and grew crops in their valleys

4. Macedonia Attacks Greece
In 359 BC Phillip II rose to the throne in Macedonia
Phillip II lived in Greece as a young man and admired everything about the Greeks.

5. Macedonia Attacks Greece
Phillip wanted to defeat the Persians and he needed to unite the Greek city-states with his kingdom to achieve this goal.

6. Macedonia Attacks Greece
Phillip took over the Greek City-States one by one, some by force some through bribery, some united voluntarily.

7. Warning of Demosthenes
As Phillip II became more powerful he took part the political affairs of Greece.
Demosthenes, a lawyer, warned that Phillip would eventually be a threat to Greece.

8. Warning of Demosthenes
Demosthenes gave several speeches warning Athens the Macedonians would be threat to their freedom.
He urged Athens and other Greek States to unite and fight the Macedonians.

9. Macedonia Attacks Greece
By the time the Greeks saw the Danger it was too late.
The Peloponnesian War left the Greeks weak and divided
Some Greeks left Greece and joined the Persian Army.

10. Macedonia Attacks Greece
Some who stayed behind fought among themselves making them even weaker.
In 338 BC The Macedonians crushed the Greek allies at the battle of Chaeronea.
Phillip now controlled Greece.

11. Alexander builds an Empire
Phillip planned to conquer the Persians, but before he could do it he was murdered.
This left the throne to his son Alexander at the age of 20.
Alexander often went to battles with his father.

12. Alexander builds an Empire
At age 16 Alexander was in charge of the Macedonian Army.
Alexander was ready to fulfill his father dreams.

13. Alexander builds an Empire
Conquests
334 BC Invaded Asia Minor with 37,000 soldiers and destroyed part of the Persian army at the Battle of Granicus.

14. Alexander builds an Empire
Conquests
332 BC Alexander captured Syria and Egypt and built the city of Alexandria in Egypt as a center of business & trade.

15. Alexander builds an Empire
Conquests
331 BC Alexander went East and conquered Persians at Gaugemela near Babylon. After Gaugemela Alexander easily conquered the rest of the Persian Empire.

16. Alexander builds an Empire
Conquests.
From 331 BC to 328 BC his conquests would go as far as modern day Pakistan.

17. Alexander builds an Empire
Conquests
In 326 BC Alexander crossed the Indus River and into India.
Alexander fought several bloody battles.
Too weary his soldiers refused to fight any longer and Alexander lead them home.

18. Alexander builds an Empire
Conquests
On the return march Alexander’s army crossed a desert in Southern Iran with heat and thirst killing thousands of soldiers.

19. Alexander builds an Empire
Conquests
In 323 BC, Alexander returned to Babylon to plan an invasion of Southern Arabia, but was very tired from wounds and weakness.
After coming down with a fever he was dead at the age of 32.

20. Alexander’s Legacy
Legacy- What a person leaves behind after he or she dies
He was a great military leader
Often rode into battle ahead of his men

21. Alexander’s Legacy
Was inspirational to his soldiers in going into unknown lands
Key to his courage was his education.
Alexander kept a copy of the ILLIAD with him
He extended Greek rule over a vast area.

22. Alexander’s Legacy
Alexander’s conquests marked the beginning of the Hellenistic Era
Hellenistic Era- Refers to a time when Greek ideas & language spread to non-Greek people of Southwest Asia. QUIZ TO HERE

23. Empire Breaks Apart
Alexander planned to unite Greeks, Macedonians and Persians in his new Empire.
He encouraged his soldiers to marry Asian women

24. Empire Breaks Apart (5-3A)
After Alexander’s death, his generals fought amongst one another for controlling power.
The Kingdom fell apart into four separate kingdoms;
Macedonia, Pergamum, Egypt and the Seleucid Empire.

25. Empire Breaks Apart
In the 4 different kingdoms, government business was conducted in Greek.
By 100 BC the largest city in the Med was Alexandria.
All the cities in the Med needed Greek speaking people to spread Greek ideas throughout the Med.

26. Empire Breaks Apart