1. Molecules that contain carbon
Organic Molecules
Molecules that contain carbon
Essential Question:
What is the structure and function of the 4 groups of organic compounds?

2. Carbon is important to living organisms for several reasons….
Carbon is found in all living things
Complex molecules are made up of carbon bonding with other elements to make
biological building blocks

3. Building blocks link together to form complex molecules
Monomers are building blocks.
Monomers bond together to form long chains called polymers.

4. Building blocks link together to form complex molecules

5. 4 types of Biomolecules
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids

6. 1. Carbohydrates
Sugars, starches and fibers found in fruits, grains, vegetables and milk products. 

7. Function
Quick/short-term energy
Energy storage
Structure

8. Elements (C,H,O)
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen

9. Monomer: Monosaccharide
Simple sugars
EX: glucose, fructose, galactose

10. Polysaccharides many monomers joined together
Starch energy storage in plants
Glycogen energy storage in animals
Cellulose support for plant cell walls
Chitin support in exoskeletons of arthropods

11. EX: Carbohydrates Identify each example as a monosaccharide or polysaccharide.
fruit
potatoes
pasta
honey
exoskeleton

12. 2. Lipids
A group of biological molecules that generally do not dissolve in water

13. Found in… Vegetable oil Animal fats Waxes Cell Membranes
Steroids/Hormones
Candle wax
Lipid bilayer of cell membrane

14. Function
Insulation
Protection
Long term energy storage

15. Elements (C, H, O)
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen

16. Monomers
Glycerol
Fatty acids

17. Polymer
Ex. Triglyceride = Glycerol and three fatty acids

18. Phosphate group, 2 fatty acids & glycerol
Ex. Phospholipid
Phosphate group, 2 fatty acids & glycerol

19. 3. Proteins
 Large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in the body

20. Found in…
muscle
skin
hair

21. Functions Structure Speed up chemical reactions (enzymes)
Regulate body processes (antibodies & hormones)

22. Elements (C, H, O, N)
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen

23. Monomer
Amino Acids (20 different kinds)

24. Polymer Peptide bond Amino acids are joined together to form protein
The bond between amino acids is called a PEPTIDE BOND.
Peptide bond

25. 4. Nucleic Acids
Function: Store, transmit, and transfer genetic information
Examples: DNA & RNA
Elements: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus

26. Monomer
Nucleotide (3 parts)

27. Polymer (Circle the nucleotides)

28. Questions??

29. Name that Biomolecule…

30. Fill in the missing idea
Fatty acid
nucleotide
These all describe
monomers
glycerol

31. Name that biomolecule…

32. CONCEPT REVIEW: True or False
1) All living things are made up of the element nitrogen.
FALSE

33. Name that Biomolecule…

34. Which of the following does not belong with the others?
These are organic compounds.
Proteins
Lipids
Atoms
Nucleic Acids

35. List the 4 biomolecules along with their monomer(s)
Turn to a Partner
List the 4 biomolecules along with their monomer(s)

36. Review Carbon Compounds Include 4 types Made up of Made up of
which contain
which contain
which contain
which contain
EX:
EX:
EX:
EX:

37. Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorous
Review
Carbon
Compounds
Include 4 types
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
Made up of
Made up of
Made up of
Made up of
Monosaccharides
Glycerol &
fatty acids
Amino Acids
Nucleotides
which contain
which contain
which contain
which contain
Carbon,
hydrogen,
oxygen
Carbon, Hydrogen,
Oxygen, Nitrogen
Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorous
EX:
EX:
EX:
EX:

38. Cornell Summary & Study Questions

39. To be successful today…
Pick up graded work from lab station 7
(2 papers)
Pull out your review sheet
Clear off desk

40. To be successful today…
Locate the following papers in your folder:
10 & 11) Organic Molecule Notes
12) Carbon Compounds Flow Chart
13) Organic Molecules Foldable
17) Biomolecules Chart
18) NOTES: Enzymes
Enzyme practice WS

41. How are polymers are put together or broken down??

42. Dehydration synthesis (condensation reaction) water is released when monomers are put together to form polymers OH
H2O

43. Hydrolysis water is added when polymers are broken down