1. Life During The Civil War
The North vs. The South

2. Civil War Map ( )

3. Different Experiences
Even aside from victory and defeat, the North and the South had very different experiences of life during the Civil War.
Economics
Finance
Women
Internal Divisions
Black Soldiers
Different Experiences

4. Economics: The North The war was a time of prosperity for the North—
Wartime inflation
Government contracts for internal improvements like the transcontinental railroad.
Industry boom– army supplies (blankets, uniforms, etc.)
Mechanization to increase efficiency of production for ever-increasing army needs (shoe production, meatpacking, etc.)
Expansion of coal mines and ironworks
Agriculture flourished
Even though farm boys joined the army, the frontier of cultivation pushed westward with machinery and immigrants replacing lost labor.
The Homestead Act (1863) offered free public land to settlers in the West
Economics: The North

5. Finance: The North To pay for the war, the federal government–
Increased the tariff, which promoted further growth of northern industry
Imposed new taxes on manufactured goods
Established the nation’s first income tax
Borrowed more than $2 billion by selling bonds
Printed more than $400 million in paper money
Established a system of nationally chartered banks (who were required to purchase govt. bonds and given the right to issue paper money)
Fortunes were made– Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller, Jay Gould, J.P. Morgan, Philip D. Armour, etc.
The Union’s economic policies vastly increased the power and size of the federal govt and made it the nation’s largest employer
Finance: The North

6. Women: The North Wartime labor shortage new opportunities for women
Factory work, nursing, clerks in govt. offices, retail sales, etc.
Organizations gathered money and medical supplies for soldiers
U.S. Sanitary Commission coordinated donations on the northern home front
Sanitary Fairs raised money for soldiers’ aid
Volunteering brought Northern women into the public sphere and gave them a taste of independence, which inspired many postwar women’s rights leaders.
The Lasting Impact of Women in the Civil War
Women: The North

7. Internal Divisions: The North
Controversy over the draft, especially the law that allowed people to buy their way out of the army
New York City Draft Riots in July 1863
The prospect of a sweeping change in the status of blacks led to a racist reaction from many parts of the North
Democratic party was very critical of Lincoln’s policies (he was Republican), though the party was divided between those who supported the war and those who did not.
Internal Divisions: The North

9. Black Soldiers: The North
By the end of the war, over 180,000 black men had served in the Union army, and 24,000 in the navy.
Most black soldiers were emancipated slaves who joined the Union army in the South.
For black soldiers, military service proved to be a liberating experience.
At least 130 former soldiers served in political office after the Civil War.
Within the army, black soldiers did not receive equal treatment or pay compared to white soldiers.
Black soldiers played a crucial role not only in winning the Civil War but also in highlighting the war's consequences.
Black Soldiers: The North

10. Economics: The South

11. Finance: The South

12. Women: The South

13. Internal Divisions: The South

14. Black Soldiers: The South