1. ATMOSPHERE 1 - Biosphere 2 - Atmosphere (Protective) layers
3 - Atmosphere (composition)
4 - ATMOSPHERE (LAYERS)
5 - Ozone

2. biosphere
Earth is the only known planet with liquid water to form on its surface.
Water is essential to life.
Biosphere - All regions
of the Earth where life
can exist

3. BIOSPHERE In the biosphere –
Living beings can interact with each other and with their environment.
The biosphere consists of three parts:
1) the gas portion: the atmosphere (air)
2) The liquid part: the hydrosphere (water)
3) The solid part: the lithosphere (rock and sediment)

4. BIOSPHERE
OUR BIOSPHERE

5. Atmosphere – protective layers
The atmosphere is
a gas envelope
surrounding the Earth.

6. ATMOSPHERE – PROTECTIVE LAYERS
Life would be impossible without the atmosphere.
It protects the Earth by blocking ultraviolet rays of the Sun.
It also destroys the meteors that are moving towards us, through friction.
It reduces the temperature changes caused by the greenhouse effect.
During the day, the temperature would rise to 80˚C During the night, temperatures would drop to -140˚C

7. Atmosphere - composition
The air is a mixture of several gases essential to maintaining life.
Clean air is a homogeneous mixture (solution), the two main gases are Nitrogen ( 𝑁 2 ) and Oxygen ( 𝑂 2 ).
Water vapor and carbon dioxide are also present in the air, but in very small quantities.
The air often contains dust (heterogeneous mixture)

8. ATMOSPHERE - COMPOSITION
PERCENTAGES OF AIR COMPOSITION FOR OUR ATMOSPHERE
NITROGEN 78%
OXYGEN 21%
WATER VAPOUR 0 to 3%
CABON DIOXIDE .03%
OZONE %
ALL OTHER GASES < 1%

9. ATMOSPHERE - COMPOSITION
NAME
CHEMICAL FORMULA
PERCENTAGE
ROLE
NITROGEN
𝑁 2
78%
TO HELP ANIMALS AND VEGETATION DEVELOP THEIR CELLULAR MEMBRANES (STABILIZER)
OXYGEN
𝑂 2
21%
CELLULAR RESPIRATION AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS
WATER VAPOUR
𝐻 2 𝑂
0 to 3%
PRESENCE OF WATER & MAINTAIN TEMPERATURES
CARBON DIOXIDE
𝐶𝑂 2
.03%
KEEPS ATMOSPHERE & EARTH WARM
OZONE
𝑂 3 %
PROTECTS EARTH FROM UV RAYS
ALL OTHER GASES
NEON, HYDROGEN, HELIUM, KRYPTON, XENON, ARGON
< 1%
TRACES OF GASES HELP WITH VARIOUS THINGS

10. ATMOSPHERE - LAYERS The five layers of the atmosphere are:
1) The troposphere
2) The stratosphere
3) The mesosphere
4) The thermosphere
5) The exosphere

11. ATMOSPHERE - LAYERS

12. ATMOSPHERE – LAYERS TROPOSPHERE
The closest to the surface layer of the Earth.
The temperature decreases with altitude.
The troposphere is the most important layer for living beings because it contains over 80% of all the air in the atmosphere.
The more you move away from the Earth , the more air is scarce.
The troposphere also contains most of the water vapor of the atmosphere.
The steam gives birth to rain and clouds.
The Weather Layer

13. ATMOSPHERE – LAYERS STRATOSPHERE
It lies just above the troposphere.
This is where we find the ozone layer (a layer of gas that absorbs the ultraviolet rays of the Sun).
Ultraviolet rays are increasing the temperature of the stratosphere with altitude.
Large aircraft generally fly in the stratosphere just above the clouds.
The Ozone Layer

14. ATMOSPHERE – LAYERS MESOSPHERE
It is the third layer of the atmosphere.
The temperature decreases with altitude.
It protects the earth against the meteorites.
When meteorites come into contact with the air molecules, the friction heats them to the point that it will ignite and disintegrate.
The Protective Layer

15. ATMOSPHERE – LAYERS THERMOSPHERE
It is the fourth and final layer of the atmosphere.
It is also the thickest of the four layers.
The temperature increases with altitude.
Auroras occur in the thermosphere.
The Final Layer

16. ozone
Since 1975, satellite images show that the thickness of the ozone layer has been decreasing.
The most affected by the thinning of the ozone layer is the area above Antarctica.
The cold temperatures favor the thinning.

17. OZONE

18. ozONE WHAT ARE THE CAUSES?
The main causes of the thinning of the ozone layer:
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
In the stratosphere, chlorine (Cl) CFCs reacts with ozone.
CFCs are found in: Aerosols, refrigerants (air conditioning, refrigerator, freezer, etc.) and some cleaning products CFCs are now banned.

19. OZONE Aerosol products (paints, deodorants,
insecticides, shaving cream,
whipped cream)

20. OZONE WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES?
The ozone layer protects us against ultraviolet (UV) rays of the Sun.
The consequences of thinning include:
An increased risk of skin cancer
A greater risk of cataract (eye disease where the lens becomes opaque and prevents light from passing)

21. OZONE
CONSEQUENCES

22. OZONE At low level (in the troposphere), ozone levels
continue to rise.
The increase in low-level
ozone is caused by pollution.