1. UNIT II POPULATION and MIGRATION
SYRIAN REFUGEES
TOKYO, JAPAN

2. Where is the world population distributed?
CHApter 2 Key Issue 1
Where is the world population distributed?

3. Examining the distribution of humans across the planet is one of the most fascinating elements of Human Geography.
DEMOGRAPHY- the study of statistics, location, structure of human populations.

4. FIGURE 2-8 WORLD POPULATION THROUGH HISTORY Through most of human history population growth was virtually nil. Population increased rapidly beginning in the eighteenth century.

5. HUMANS ARE NOT EVENLY DISTRIBUTED
Population Concentrations
2/3 of the world’s inhabitants are clustered in four regions of the globe.

6. 4 MAJOR WORLD POPULATION CLUSTERS

7. 1.) EAST ASIA – 1.6 Billion

8. CHINA 1.35 billion JAPAN 127 million
POPULOUS NATIONS
CHINA
1.35 billion
JAPAN
127 million

9. 2.) SOUTH ASIA – 1.6 Billion

10. INDIA 1.3 billion BANGLADESH 160 million
POPULOUS COUNTRIES
INDIA
1.3 billion
PAKISTAN
180 million
BANGLADESH
160 million

11. 3.) EUROPE – 740 Million

12. MULTIPLE POPULOUS COUNTRIES UNITED KINGDOM – 63 million
RUSSIA – 142 million
GERMANY – 82 million
FRANCE – 64 million
UNITED KINGDOM – 63 million
ITALY million
SPAIN – 47 million
UKRAINE – 45 million……

13. 4.) SOUTHEAST ASIA – 620 million

14. INDONESIA – 250 million PHILIPPINES – 100 million VIETNAM – 90 million
POPULOUS COUNTRIES
INDONESIA – 250 million
PHILIPPINES – 100 million
VIETNAM – 90 million
THAILAND – 68 million

15. 2 EMERGING WORLD POPUALTION CLUSTERS

16. 1.) Northeastern United States
‘BoWash Megalopolis’
45 Million

18. BOSTON NEW YORK PHILADELPHIA WASINGTON DC BALTIMORE SPRINGFIELD
PROVIDENCE
HARTFORD
NEW HAVEN
BRIDGEPORT
STAMFORD
NEW YORK
TRENTON
PHILADELPHIA
CAMDEN
BALTIMORE
WASINGTON DC

19. Egypt: 82 million (densely concentrated)
2.) Nigeria & Egypt
Nigeria: 180 million
Egypt: 82 million (densely concentrated)

20. LARGEST WORLD METROPOLISES

21. Largest Urban METRO Areas (City and surroundings)
Tokyo/Yokohama, JAPAN: 33 million
NYC, USA: 17.8 Million
Sao Paolo, BRA: 17.7 Million
Seoul, SK: 17.5 Million
Mexico City, MEX: 17.4 Million
Osaka, JAPAN: 15.4 Million
Manila, PHI:14.7 Million
Mumbai, INDIA: 14.4 Million

23. One of the deepest divisions in the world today exists between URBAN and RURAL places and people.
The world is rapidly urbanizing- but that can mean very different things to different people.

24. The URBANIZATION Divide
All 3Asian clusters are more than 50% rural, on average- most are small farmers working on small plots.*
Europe is more than ¾ urbanized. It is supported by very few farmers, who use technology to work large plots.
*Japan is an exception, resembling Europe.

25. Site and Situation of Population Clusters
Mostly low-lying areas with fertile soil and temperate climate
Near an ocean, or near a river with easy access to an ocean.

26. Regions hosting permanent human settlement are called the ecumene zone.
FIGURE 2-3 POPULATION DISTRIBUTION People are not distributed uniformly across Earth’s surface.

27. The ECUMENE has grown larger as humans have dispersed across the Earth,
and as technology and innovation have allowed us to adapt to new environments.
FIGURE 2-4 ECUMENE Seven thousand years ago humans occupied only a small percentage of Earth’s land area, primarily in Southwest Asia, Eastern Europe, and East Asia. Even 500 years ago much of North America and Asia lay outside the ecumene. Still, approximately three-fourths of the world’s population live on only 5 percent of Earth’s surface.
The balance of Earth’s surface consists of oceans (about 71 percent) and less intensively inhabited land.

28. What properties unite NON-ECUMENE zones?

29. Sparsely Populated Regions
Humans avoid clustering in certain physical environments.
Dry Lands
Wet Lands
Cold Lands
High Lands
Humans tend to avoid places that are unaccommodating for activities, such as agriculture. Among these are places with too much or too little available water, places with exceedingly hot or cold temperatures, and places that have too steep of slopes to plant crops.

30. Regions which were once inconceivable for settlement have become part of the Ecumene.

31. DESERT AGRICULTURE

32. Dubai – a metropolis in the desert; temps regularly reach 110* f.

33. La Paz, Bolivia has nearly 3 million residents @ 15,000 feet ASL.

34. Las Vegas – an impossible city without the Hoover Dam
LAKE MEAD
HOOVER DAM

35. MEASURING Population DENSITY
There are THREE primary ways geographers measure population density.

36. Using OPTIC, look at the following:
What do you think could be done to alleviate these conditions?
What did you notice about the interactions between the people?
What stage of the DTM is this country?

37. Warm-Up 10-17-2016 Most of the World’s people live in:
The world’s poorest countries
The southern hemisphere
The developed world
China
Urban areas in the developed world
Answer: A-approximately 80% of the world’s population lives in the less-developed countries, which include all of Africa, Asia (excluding Japan), Latin America, and the Island nations of the Caribbean and Pacific.

38. DTM reference to the warm-up

39. Activity Expectations
Conversation-Voice level 2
Help-Raise your hand if you have
questions
Activity-Work in pairs and on your sheet
Movement-Stay in your assigned area
Participation-Our target goal:
engagement level 100%

40. Population Density Arithmetic Density
Density of people in a given area
Equation: Divide the total population by the total land area
Physiological Density
Number of people supported by a unit area of arable land
Equation: Divide the total population by total arable land area
Agricultural Density
Ratio of the number of farmers to amount of arable land
Equation: Divide # of farmers by total arable land area
Physiological density provides insights into the relation between the size of a population and the availability of resources in a region.
Developed countries have lower agricultural densities, because technology and finance allow a few people to farm extensive land areas and feed many people.

41. ARITHMETIC DENSITY
FIGURE 2-5 ARITHMETIC DENSITY Geographers rely on the arithmetic density to compare conditions in different countries because the two pieces of information–total population and total land area–are easy to obtain. The highest arithmetic densities are found in Asia, Europe, and Central America. The lowest are in North and South America and South Pacific.
Useful for comparing pop’n density in different countries or areas, esp. at different scales.

42. PHYSIOLOGICAL DENSITY
FIGURE 2-6 PHYSIOLOGICAL DENSITY Physiological density provides insights into the relationship between the size of a population and the availability of resources in a region. The relatively large physiological densities of Egypt and the Netherlands demonstrates that crops grown on a hectare of land in these two countries must feed far more people than in the United States or Canada, which have much lower physiological densities. The highest physiological densities are found in Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and South America. The lowest are in North America, Europe, and South Pacific.
Useful for analyzing food availability and arable land in different places

43. AGRICULTURAL DENSITY
FIGURE 2-7 AGRICULTURAL DENSITY The highest agricultural densities are found in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. The lowest are in North America, Europe, and South Pacific.
An indicator of development- less farmers support more people in the developed world (larger, more mechanized farms)