1. The Stone Ages and Early Cultures
Chapter 2
The Stone Ages and Early Cultures

2. 2.1 The First People
Prehistoric people learned to adapt to their environment, to make simple tools, to use fire, and to use language.

3. 1a. Donald Johanson found the bones of Lucy.
1a. Who found the bones of Lucy? 1b. Why do historians need archaeologists and anthropologists to study prehistory?
1a. Donald Johanson found the bones of Lucy.
1b. They study prehistory because there are no written records from the earliest times of human development.

4. 2a. Modern Humans are called Homo Sapiens
2a. What is the scientific name for modern humans? 2b. What might have been one advantage of walking completely upright?
2a. Modern Humans are called Homo Sapiens
2b. Walking upright helped them use their hands, see farther, and perhaps travel faster.

5. 3a. What kind of tools did people use during the Paleolithic Era?
3a.Tools used during the Paleolithic Era were stone Choppers, axes, and spears.

6. 4a. What is a hunter- gatherer. 4b
4a. What is a hunter- gatherer? 4b. What was the most important change brought by the development of language?
4a. A Hunter-gatherer is a person who hunts animals and gathers wild plants, seeds, fruits, and nuts to survive.
4b. Changes brought by language may include improved hunting, relationships formed, could more easily solve problems-such as how to distribute food.

7. Section 2.2
Early Human Migration

8. 1a. A Land Bridge is a strip of land connecting two continents.
1a. What is a land bridge? 1b. Why did it take so long for early people to reach South America?
1a. A Land Bridge is a strip of land connecting two continents.
1b. It took so long for people to reach South America because they had to get across Asia, then cross the land bridge to North America, and gradually all the way to South America.

9. 2a. In the Mesolithic Era people used bone and stone to make tools.
2a. What did people use to make tools in the Mesolithic Era? 2b. Why did people have to learn to make clothes and build shelters?
2a. In the Mesolithic Era people used bone and stone to make tools.
2b. People had to learn to make clothes and build shelters because they moved to climates that were colder than those in East Africa.

10. 3. Draw an organizer to show the path of Migration out of East Africa.
Europe
E. Asia
E. Africa
S. Asia
SW Asia
N. Asia
S. America
Australia
N. America

11. Beginnings of Agriculture
Section 3
Beginnings of Agriculture
The beginnings of agriculture brought great changes to human society.

12. 1a. What is domestication of a plant or animal. 1b
1a. What is domestication of a plant or animal? 1b. How did early people use domesticated animals?
1a. Domestication is changing a plant or animal to make it more useful to humans.
1b. Domesticated animals were used for milk, food, and/or wool; for carrying loads, or pulling tools used in farming.

13. 2a. What were gods and goddesses usually associated with in prehistoric religion? 2b. How did domestication of animals/Plants lead to the development of towns?
2a. Gods and goddesses were associated with earth, air , fire, and water or animals.
2b. Domestication helped develop towns because people settled in one place to grow crops and tend animals, and better control of food production enabled populations to grow.

14. 3. Describe a cause and an effect of the development of Agriculture.
Warming trend after the ice ages caused new plants to grow
Effects:
Could produce their own food, easier to farm, new kinds of clothing, populations grew, settlements became towns, religion more organized