1. M6.4 EARTHQUAKE STRIKES TAIWAN Tuesday, February 6, 2018
Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA
lecture by Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance For Disaster Reduction 
Uploading date: February 07, 2018
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2. LOCATION MAP

3. LOCATION AND DEPTH
The U.S. Geological Survey said the quake struck late Tuesday about 21 kilometers (13 miles) northeast of Hualien, on the island’s east coast.
It occurred at a depth of about 9.5 kilometers (6 miles).

4. PRELIMINARY REPORTS: TWO DEATHS; INJURIES
The ground floor of the Marshal Hotel in Hualien county caved in, causing the death of one employee.
Another person died in a residential building.
MANY INJURIES

5. PRELIMINARY REPORTS
Taiwanese media reported that a separate hotel known as the Beautiful Life Hotel was tilting, as were many other buildings.
The agency also posted photos showing a road fractured in several parts.

6. PRELIMINARY REPORTS
Bridges and some highways were closed pending inspections after buckling during the quake.

7. PRELIMINARY REPORTS
With aftershocks continuing, shell-shocked residents were being directed to shelters, including a newly built baseball stadium, where beds and hot food were provided.

8. TWO YEARS AGO—ANOTHER M6.4 QUAKE
The quake came almost exactly two years after a magnitude-6.4 quake struck southern Taiwan, causing the collapse of an apartment complex and the deaths of 115 people

9. A MODERATE M6.4 EARTHQUAKE STRIKES TAIWAN’S OLDEST CITY SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 2016

10. LOCATION MAP

11. SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 2016
A powerful, shallow earthquake struck Tainan, Taiwan’s oldest city, in southern Taiwan before dawn Saturday, collapsing two high-rise residential towers and killing at least thirteen people and injuring hundreds.

12. COLLAPSED BUILDING

13. SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 2016
More than 220 people were pulled out from the rubble.
Over 100 trapped
Eventually 115 deaths

14. A RESCUE

15. WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 2016
Death toll reaches at least 39
Developer of collapsed 17-storey building being prosecuted.

16. CENTRAL TAIWAN EARTH-QUAKE DISASTER IN 1999
AN ESTIMATED 2,416 DEATHS IN A M7.3 QUAKE

17. JI JI (AKA CHI CHI), TAIWAN EARTHQUAKE
BASED ON REP0RTS BY USGS, EERI, ASCE/TCLEE, MCEER, TAIWAN AGENCIES, AND OTHERS

18. THE JI JI, TAIWAN EARTHQUAKE
M 7.3
Shallow depth (about 2 km)
1:47 am
SEPTEMBER 21, 1999

19. EACH DISASTER IS AN OPPORTUNITY TO ADD TO THE “GLOBAL BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE” ON OCCURRENCES, CONSEQUENCES, AND DISASTER RISK REDUCTION MEASURES

20. JI JI, TAIWAN EARTHQUAKE

21. JI JI, TAIWAN EARTHQUAKE

22. THE MAIN SHOCK WAS FOLLOWED BY 9,000+ AFTERSHOCKS OVER 2 YEARS

23. JI JI, TAIWAN EARTHQUAKE
The 1999 Taiwan earthquake was a subduction zone earthquake caused by interaction of the Philippine and Eurasian plates

24. JI JI EARTHQUAKE: TECTONICS

25. EARTHQUAKE FAULT
The quake was generated by slip on the Chelongpu fault.

26. PHYSICAL EFFECTS: GROUND SHAKING
Strong motion records showed that ground shaking was characterized by long-period energy that was several times greater than the level prescribed in the building code.
The long-period energy is related to the magnitude and local site conditions.

27. SEISMIC DESIGN MAP IN BUILDING CODE

28. SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS
44,338 buildings collapsed, and an additional 41,336 houses and buildings were severely damaged.
Twenty 10- to 20-story residential buildings either collapsed or experienced significant damage, suggesting frequency-dependent site amplification.

29. SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS
Strong ground shaking, ground failure, and surface fault rupture caused power outages and severe lifeline damage.
Some types of lifeline damage had not been observed before in other earthquakes.

31. SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS
The loss of power had wide ranging effects, including disruption of Taiwan’s semi-conductor fabrication facilities.

32. PHYSICAL EFFECTS: SURFACE FAULTING
The regional compression caused thrust faulting.
Over 60 km of surface faulting with lateral and vertical displacements reaching 9 m and 5 m, respectively, occurred in the center of the Island.

33. SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS
A 30-km-long surface fault rupture caused major destruction to schools, residences, dams, embankments and bridges located along its trace.

34. SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS
Most of the bridges that suffered significant damage were located in the area bounded by two thrust faults that ruptured the surface.

35. PHYSICAL EFFECTS: LIQUEFACTION
Liquefaction caused damage in a residential neighborhood of Yuanlin located in Changhua County.
Extensive liquefaction-induced damage was also observed in parts of Taichung Harbor.

36. SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS
The death toll reached 2,416.
11,446 were injured.
Economic losses reached $9.2 billion.
Short-term global stock market prices were influenced by impacts on the semi-conductor industry.

37. YOUR COMMUNITY MONITORING ACCEPTABLE RISK HAZARD MAPS INVENTORY
VULNERABILITY
LOCATION
ACCEPTABLE RISK
UNACCEPTABLE RISK
RISK
BOOKS OF KNOWLEDGE
DATA BASES AND INFORMATION
YOUR
COMMUNITY
PREPAREDNESS
PROTECTION
EM RESPONSE
RECOSTRUCTION AND RECOVERY
EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE
HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS 37

38. PILLARS OF EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE
Preparedness
Protection: Adoption and Implementation of a Modern Earthquake Engineering Building Code and Lifeline Standards
Prevention: Land Use Planning and Base Isolation

39. PILLARS OF EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE (continued)
Monitoring
Realistic Earthquake Disaster Scenarios
Timely Emergency Response (including search and Rescue and Emergency Medical Services)
Cost-Effective Recovery and Reconstruction

40. THE CHALLENGE: CHANGING EXISTING POLICIES:
OLD CITIES CAN BE VERY VULNERABLE.
CREATE, ADJUST, AND REALIGN PROGRAMS, PARTNERS AND PEOPLE UNTIL YOU HAVE CREATED THE KINDS OF TURNING POINTS NEEDED FOR MOVING TOWARDS EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE