Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Mutations (12.4) State Standard

Published byNeil Allen Modified over 6 years ago

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "Mutations (12.4) State Standard"— Presentation transcript:

1

2 Mutations (12.4) State Standard
2D. Describe the relationships between changes in DNA and potential appearance of new traits

3 Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics 12.4 Gene Regulation and Mutation Mutations A permanent change in the nucleotide sequence of a cell’s DNA is called a mutation. Types of mutations Insertion Deletion Substitution

4 Mutations can either occur spontaneously or be caused by mutagens.
Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics 12.4 Gene Regulation and Mutation Causes of Mutation Mutations can either occur spontaneously or be caused by mutagens. Mutagen – Any agent that can harm DNA, causing a mutation. Examples of Mutagens: chemicals, radiation, x-rays, gamma rays, ultraviolet light, tobacco, free radicals.

5 Genetic Disorders (ex – Sickle Cell disease, Cystic Fibrosis)
Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics 12.4 Gene Regulation and Mutation Effects of Mutations Genetic Disorders (ex – Sickle Cell disease, Cystic Fibrosis) Changes in shape & functionality of proteins. Dysfunctional protein synthesis. Cancer

6 AAG CCC ATA TTT CGA AGA TAG

7 Substitution – 1 nucleotide base is replaced with another.
Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics 12.4 Gene Regulation and Mutation Types of Mutations Substitution – 1 nucleotide base is replaced with another. Insertion – an extra nucleotide is inserted in the DNA sequence. Deletion – 1 nucleotide base is left out of the DNA sequence. Insertions & deletions cause frameshifts, which throw off the whole DNA code for that section.

8 12.4 Gene Regulation and Mutation
Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics 12.4 Gene Regulation and Mutation

9 Body-cell v. Sex-cell Mutation
Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics 12.4 Gene Regulation and Mutation Body-cell v. Sex-cell Mutation Somatic (body) cell mutations are not passed on to the next generation. Mutations that occur in sex cells are passed on to the organism’s offspring and will be present in every cell of the offspring.

10 What is an immediate result of a mutation in a gene?
Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics 12.4 Formative Questions What is an immediate result of a mutation in a gene? cancer genetic disorder nonfunctional enzyme amino acid deficiency A B C D FQ 12

11 Which is the most highly mutagenic?
Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics 12.4 Formative Questions Which is the most highly mutagenic? chemicals in food cigarette smoke ultraviolet radiation X rays A B C D FQ 13

12 Explain the difference between body-cell and sex-cell mutation.
Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics Chapter Assessment Questions Explain the difference between body-cell and sex-cell mutation. Answer: A mutagen in a body cell becomes part of the of the genetic sequence in that cell and in future daughter cells. The cell may die or simply not perform its normal function. These mutations are not passed on to the next generation. When mutations occur in sex cells, they will be present in every cell of the offspring. CAQ 3

13 TTCAGG TTCTGG What type of mutation results in this change
Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics Standardized Test Practice What type of mutation results in this change in the DNA sequence? TTCAGG TTCTGG deletion frameshift insertion substitution A B C D STP 3

14 Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics Standardized Test Practice The structure of a protein can be altered dramatically by the exchange of a single amino acid for another. True False A B STP 5

Download ppt "Mutations (12.4) State Standard"

Similar presentations

Mutations Section 12–4 This section describes and compares gene mutations and chromosomal mutations.

Mutations Section 12–4 This section describes and compares gene mutations and chromosomal mutations.
Mutations (12.4) State Standard

Mutations (12.4) State Standard
DNA: The Genetic Material. Orientation  On the top rail, the strand is said to be oriented 5′ to 3′.  The strand on the bottom runs in the opposite.

DNA: The Genetic Material. Orientation  On the top rail, the strand is said to be oriented 5′ to 3′.  The strand on the bottom runs in the opposite.
Section 11.3 MUTATIONS Section 11.3 pgs. 296 - 301.

Section 11.3 MUTATIONS Section 11.3 pgs
Mutations 3.29 Recall that mutation is a rare, random change in genetic material that can be inherited.   3.31 Understand that many mutations are harmful.

Mutations 3.29 Recall that mutation is a rare, random change in genetic material that can be inherited.   3.31 Understand that many mutations are harmful.
Mutations And their effects. A mutation is…  A permanent change that occurs in a cell’s DNA.

Mutations And their effects. A mutation is…  A permanent change that occurs in a cell’s DNA.
MUTATIONS.

MUTATIONS.
Mutations Chapter 12.4.

Mutations Chapter 12.4.
MUTATIONS Honors Biology Section 11.6 & Biology Section 8.7 Revised 2011.

MUTATIONS Honors Biology Section 11.6 & Biology Section 8.7 Revised 2011.
1 NOTES: 13.3 - MUTATIONS 2 MUTATIONS: MUTATIONS = changes in the DNA sequence that affect genetic information.

1 NOTES: MUTATIONS 2 MUTATIONS: MUTATIONS = changes in the DNA sequence that affect genetic information.
Chapter 11.6 Mutations. Definition- Mutation- a change in the DNA nucleotide sequence Mutation- a change in the DNA nucleotide sequence Types of mutations:

Chapter 11.6 Mutations. Definition- Mutation- a change in the DNA nucleotide sequence Mutation- a change in the DNA nucleotide sequence Types of mutations:
MUTATIONS & HUMAN GENETICS Chapter 11.3, Chapter 12.

MUTATIONS & HUMAN GENETICS Chapter 11.3, Chapter 12.
MUTATIONS. Mutations are heritable changes in genetic information Only mutation in the GAMETES can be passed on from generation to generation There can.

MUTATIONS. Mutations are heritable changes in genetic information Only mutation in the GAMETES can be passed on from generation to generation There can.
Biology Mistakes in the Genetic Machine. Terms for Section 6 Gene regulation Mutation Point mutation Frameshift mutation Mutagen.

Biology Mistakes in the Genetic Machine. Terms for Section 6 Gene regulation Mutation Point mutation Frameshift mutation Mutagen.
12.4 Mutations Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall.. What Are Mutations? Changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA (genetic material) May occur in somatic.

12.4 Mutations Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall.. What Are Mutations? Changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA (genetic material) May occur in somatic.
Gene Regulation and Mutation Notes and Questions How do mutations affect a cell?

Gene Regulation and Mutation Notes and Questions How do mutations affect a cell?
Gene Regulation and Mutation Notes and Questions How do mutations affect a cell?

Gene Regulation and Mutation Notes and Questions How do mutations affect a cell?
Mutations. What Are Mutations? Changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA May occur in somatic cells (aren’t passed to offspring) May occur in gametes.

Mutations. What Are Mutations? Changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA May occur in somatic cells (aren’t passed to offspring) May occur in gametes.
Mutations.

Mutations.
Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics

Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics

Similar presentations

Ads by Google