1. Chapter 3 Substances, Mixtures & Solubility

2. What we’ll learn? Distinguish between substances and mixtures.
Explain how solution forms and describe the types.
Explain why H2O is a universal solvent.
Define solubility and identify the factors that can affect how much a substance can dissolve.

3. WHY?
The air you breath, the water you drink and even parts of your body are all solutions.
How you wash your hands, clothes and dishes depends on which substance can dissolve in another substance.

4. Vocabulary Words: Substance Mixture Solution Solute Solvent
Precipitate
Solubility
Saturated

5. Recall of concepts--------
Atoms, Element, Compound, Substance and Mixtures.

6. Solution
A homogeneous mixture whose elements or compounds are evenly mixed at a molecular level but not chemically bonded.
Solute- the substance that dissolves
Solvent- the substance that dissolves the solute.

7. Solution Formation:SOLID
Crystallization Precipitate -physical change - chemical change -a process in which a -a solid that is solute can come back formed when out of a solution and solutions are mixed form a solid. Ex. Soap scum Ex. Stalactites (caves)

8. Types of Solutions
Liquid Gaseous Solid -Liquid Gas Ex. Air Ex. Brass Ex. Soda -Liquid-Liquid Ex. Vinegar

9. Aqueous Solution
A solution in which water is a solvent. Water- a universal solvent…Why? …………………………………… Soluble- a substance that can dissolve in another substance.

10. What can dissolve? “Like dissolves like” Example:
Polar solvents dissolves polar solute
Non polar solvents dissolves non polar solute

11. Solubility:
The amount of solute that can dissolve in 100g of a solvent at a given temperature. Rates of Dissolving- Shaken, heated, stirred, grinded (can make dissolving happen faster)

12. Concentration:
Tells how much solute is in a solution compared to the amount of solvent.
Concentrated Saturated
solute solvent solute solvent
What affects solubility?
Temperature of a solvent

13. Solution: Saturated Unsaturated Supersaturated
-a solution that a solution that has - too much solute
contain all the less solute in a solution
solute that it can to dissolve that it can’t
hold under in a solvent hold more.
a given
condition.