1. Gymnosperms

2. Group 3: Seed producing, Vascular Plants
Gymnosperms
Cycads
Ginko
Conifers
Angiosperms

3. Seeds and their advantages
1) Seed plants don’t depend on water to reproduce
Pollen (contains sperm) carried by wind/animals
Zygote hardens into a seed
2) Embryo has…
Nourishishment: Nutrients inside feed embryo
Protection: Hard shell
3) Allow dispersal
Carried by wind, water, animals
Some seeds are “dispersed” by animals
Some seeds have “wings”

4. Seeds and their advantages
1) Seed plants don’t depend on water to reproduce
Pollen (contains sperm) carried by wind/animals
Zygote hardens into a seed
2) Embryo has…
Nourishishment: Nutrients inside feed embryo
Protection: Hard shell
3) Allow dispersal
Carried by wind, water, animals

5. Seeds and their advantages
1) Seed plants don’t depend on water to reproduce
Pollen (contains sperm) carried by wind/animals
Zygote hardens into a seed
2) Embryo has…
Nourishishment: Nutrients inside feed embryo
Protection: Hard shell
3) Allow dispersal
Carried by wind, water, animals

6. Group 3: Seed producing, Vascular Plants
Type 1: Gymnosperms
Needle-like leaves (reduces water loss)
Common to lumber industry
Seeds enclosed in cones
Male cones: produce pollen (pollen cone)
Female cones: produce eggs (seed sone)
Zygote hardens into seed (protected inside cones)
Ex: Evergreen, Pine, Redwood, Cedar

7. Conifer Life Cycle . Sporophyte phase (dominant) Cones grow on tree
Male cones
Spores created by meiosis & released
Spores develop into pollen
Female cones
Spores created by meiosis
Egg forms inside spore
Male pollen lands on female cone
Pollen tube grows towards egg
Sperm travels down pollen tube
Spore hardens into seed
Seed released & grows into new sporophyte . p
seed Z e

8. Conifer Life Cycle Sporophyte phase (dominant) Cones grow on tree
Male cones
Spores created by meiosis & released
Spores develop into pollen
Female cones
Spores created by meiosis
Egg forms inside spore
Male pollen lands on female cone
Pollen tube grows towards egg
Sperm travels down pollen tube
Spore hardens into seed
Seed released & grows into new sporophyte

9. female
male