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Aim: How do organisms interact in an ecosystem?
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Why do organisms need to eat?
To get ENERGY!! Cell Respiration: C6H12O6 + O ATP + CO2 + H2O
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Organism Categories:
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Organism Categories: Herbivores – eat only producers
Carnivores – eat only meat Omnivores – eat both producers & meat
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Ecosystem Relationships: Symbiotic Relationships
Mutualism – both benefit (+, +) Commensalism – one benefits and other is unaffected (+, 0) Parasitism – parasite benefits and host is affected (+, -) Predator & prey – predator benefits and prey is affected
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Mutualism: The Nile crocodile opening its mouth to permit the Egyptian plover to feed on any leeches attached to its gums. Bee eats nectar & at the same time picks up pollen to be spread to other flowers.
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Commensalism: Barnacles are non-motile, & they adhere to the fins of whales. This allows them to be taken to places where there is food. The whale is not affected.
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Parasitism: Tick Fluke Worms Parasites are organisms that attack other
live organisms called hosts.
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Predator-Prey Relationship:
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How do the cows we eat get their energy?
Primary consumers get their energy from the producers they eat
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How do producers get their energy?
The primary source of energy for living things is the____. ________ capture this energy through a process of ____________ sun Autotrophs photosynthesis
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How is energy transferred in a community?
Energy is transferred by consuming other organisms
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In which direction is the energy moving?
In the direction of the next consumer in the chain.
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Food Chains Food chains show the transfer of energy from
one organism to another in a community.
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Show many food chains interconnected together.
Food Webs Show many food chains interconnected together.
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Producers Energy Pyramid 1’ Consumers 2’ Consumers Energy Flow
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Sun’s Energy in an Ecosystem
Some of the energy is used by each organism and some of it is lost as heat energy to the environment
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Why is there so little energy at the top of the pyramid?
Only about 10% of the energy available at each level is transferred to the NEXT level. Most of the energy from the sun has been used or lost by organism in the lower levels 1% 10% 100%
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Ecological pyramids Energy Pyramid Shows the relative Amount of energy
available at each trophic level. *Organisms use about 10 percent of this energy for life processes. The rest is lost as heat. Go to Section:
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Ecological pyramids Biomass Pyramid Represents the amount
of living organic matter at each trophic level. Typically, the greatest biomass is at the base of the pyramid. Go to Section:
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Ecological pyramids Pyramid of Numbers Shows the relative
number of individual organisms at each trophic level. Go to Section:
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In which direction is energy flowing?
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