1. Summary of the non-accelerator particle physics workshop session
Stefan Schönert, TUM
KET Strategie Workshop, Dortmund, 25/

2. Topics in workshop session
Direct neutrino mass measurement: Katrin & beyond - C. Weinheimer
Neutrino-less double beta decay: exploring the inverse mass hierarchy - K. Zuber (Cobra), B. Majorovits (GERDA & Majorana)
Proton decay & neutrino astrophysics with LENA: L. Oberauer
Direct Dark Matter search: Eureca & Xenon: J. Jochum
Proton decay & neutrino astrophysics with low-energy extension of IceCube DeepCore
….could not discuss many other interesting things…
U. Oberlack  DM plenary talk
C. Spiering  KAT/Astroparticle plenary talk

3. The unknown neutrino properties and how to unravel them
Hierarchy ?
13
Mass scale
 =  ? 
: 13  0
Accelerator
Exp.
Beta
Endpoint
Double
Beta Decay
Reactor
Exp.
Atmos.
Exp.
CP phases
, , 

4. The neutrino energy scale & experiments
-decay
Katrin
(Mare, P8)
reactor
accelerator
Kamland
1 keV
10 keV
100 keV
1 MeV
Adopted from T. DeYoung
astrophysical

6. After 3 live years: German participants:
KIT, Münster, Mainz, Bonn, MPIK
After 3 live years:

7.  C.W.: “beyond 100 meV not fully unfeasible”

8. The neutrino energy scale & experiments
0
-decay
Katrin
(Mare, P8)
reactor
accelerator
Kamland
1 keV
10 keV
100 keV
1 MeV
Adopted from T. DeYoung
astrophysical

9. 0- and 2 decay 2: (A,Z)  (A,Z+2) + 2e- + 2ne
odd-odd
L=0
even-even
0: (A,Z)  (A,Z+2) + 2e-
L=2
2
Experimental signatures:
peak at Q = Ee1 + Ee2 - 2me
two electrons from vertex
production of grand-daughter isotope
arbitrary units
0
Energy (keV)

10. Decay rate and effective neutrino mass
Expected decay rate:
Phase space integral
Nuclear matrix element
Q-value of decay
Assume leading term is exchange of light Majorana neutrinos
Effective neutrino mass
(complex) neutrino mixing matrix

11. 0: physics implications
1) Dirac vs. Majorana particle: (i.e. its own anti-particle)?
 0  Majorana nature
 Majorana  See-Saw mechanism
 Majorana  CP violation in MR  higgs + lepton
 Leptogenesis  B asymmetry
2) Absolute mass scale:
 Hierarchy: degenerate, inverted or normal
 (effective) neutrino mass

12. Predictions from oscillation experiments
F.Feruglio,
A. Strumia,
F. Vissani,
NPB 659
90% CL
Negligible
errors from
oscillations;
width due to
CP phases

13. Predictions from oscillation experiments
KDKC claim:
[ ] eV
(PRD79)
F.Feruglio,
A. Strumia,
F. Vissani,
NPB 659
Goal of next
generation
experiments:
~10 meV
90% CL
Negligible
errors from
oscillations;
width due to
CP phases

14. QRPA IBM2 SM (Simkovic et al. PRC 77, 2008) ~4
(Barea and Iachello, PRC 79, 2009) ~3 SM
(Caurier et al., PRL 100, 2008) ~4

15. Overview of Experiments
Name
Nucleus
Mass*
Method
Location
Time line
Operational & recently completed experiments
CUORICINO
Te-130
11 kg
bolometric
LNGS
NEMO-3
Mo-100/Se-82
6.9/0.9 kg
tracko-calo
LSM
until 2010
Construction funding
CUORE
200 kg
2012
EXO-200
Xe-136
160 kg
liquid TPC
WIPP
2010
GERDA I/II
Ge-76
40 kg
ionization
SNO+
Nd-150
56 kg
scintillation
SNOlab
2011
Substantial R&D funding / prototyping
CANDLES
Ca-48
0.35 kg
Kamioka
2009
Majorana
26 kg
SUSL
NEXT
80 kg
gas TPC
Canfranc
2013
SuperNEMO
Se-82 or Nd-150
100 kg
2012 (first mod.)
R&D and/or conceptual design
CARVEL
tbd
Solotvina
COBRA
Cd-116, Te-130
tbd 
DCBA
drift chamber
EXO gas
MOON
Mo-100
tracking
Oto
Other decay modes
TGV
Cd-106
operational
Overview of Experiments
*: mass of DBD-isotopes; detector & analysis inefficiencies NOT included! Range: 18% to ~90%

16. Two new 76Ge Projects: LoI Majorana GERDA @ LNGS
‘Bare’ enrGe array in liquid argon
Shield: high-purity liquid Argon / H2O
Phase I: 18 kg (HdM/IGEX) / 15 kg nat.
Phase II: add ~20 kg new enr. Detectors; total ~40 kg
Array(s) of enrGe housed in high-purity electroformed copper cryostat
Shield: electroformed copper / lead
Initial phase: R&D demonstrator module: Total ~60 kg (30 kg enr.)
Physics goals: degenerate mass range
Technology: study of bgds. and exp. techniques
open exchange of knowledge & technologies (e.g. MaGe MC)
intention to merge for O(1 ton) exp. ( inv. Hierarchy) selecting the best technologies tested in GERDA and Majorana
LoI

17. Nov/Dec.’09: Liquid argon fill
Jan ’10: Commissioning of cryogenic system
Apr/Mai ’10: emergency drainage tests of water tank
Apr/Mai ’10: Installation c-lock
May ’10: 1st deployment of FE&detector mock-up
June ‘10: Commissioning with natGe detector string
Soon: start Phase I physics data taking
German participants:
MPIK, MPP, Tübingen, Dresden, new: TUM

18. Phases and physics reach
2·1027 (90 % CL) *
< meV
2·1026 (90 % CL) *
< meV
assuming
|M0|=
[Smol&Grab PRC’10]
and 86% enrichment
3·1025 (90 % CL)*
GERDA
Phase II/
Majorana
Demonst. KK
GERDA
Phase III/
Majorana
GERDA
Phase I
*: no event in ROI
required for ‘background free’ exp. with E~3.3 keV (FWHM):
O(10-3)
O(10-4)
counts/(kg·y·keV)
Background requirement for GERDA/Majorana:
Background reduction by factor required w.r. to precursor exps.
Degenerate mass scale O(102 kg·y)  Inverted mass scale O(103 kg·y)

19. Example for GERDA R&D for a 1 ton experiment: instrumentation of LAr
Source run with
GERDA LArGe facility
Survival ~2 10-4
also R&D with fibres and SiPM
GERDA-LArGe
LNGS

20. Cobra: R&D for solid state CdZnTe TPC for 0
German participants:
Dresden, Dortmund, Freiburg, Erlangen, Hamburg

21. Liquid Scintillators are well known as neutrino targets
Poltergeist ~ 1 t
Double-Chooz ~ 10 t
KamLAND ~ 1000 t
SNO+ ~ 1000 t
BOREXINO ~ 300 t 21

22. The neutrino energy scale & experiments
0
-decay
Katrin
(Mare, P8)
reactor
accelerator
Kamland
Borexino
1 keV
10 keV
100 keV
1 MeV
Adopted from T. DeYoung
astrophysical

23. Recent results from Borexino
German participants:
MPIK, TUM
8-B
7-Be
Solar neutrinos: 7-Be, 8-B
Geo-neutrinos

24. The neutrino energy scale & experiments
0
-decay
Katrin
(Mare, P8)
reactor
accelerator
Double Chooz
Kamland
Borexino
1 keV
10 keV
100 keV
1 MeV
Adopted from T. DeYoung
astrophysical

25. Double Chooz: measurement of 13
Near detector 400
Far detector 1050 m
Breaking news: liquid scintillator filling started in October  Physics data taking planned for early 2011
German participants:
MPIK, TUM, Tübingen, Aachen, Hamburg

26. The neutrino energy scale & experiments
0
-decay
Katrin
(Mare, P8)
reactor
accelerator
Double Chooz
Kamland
LENA
Borexino
1 keV
10 keV
100 keV
1 MeV
Adopted from T. DeYoung
astrophysical

27. LENA – Low Energy Neutrino Astronomy ~50 kt liquid scintillator deep underground detector
Physics program:
Proton Decay
Galactic Supernova Burst
Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background
Long baseline neutrino oscillations
Solar Neutrinos
Geo neutrinos
Reactor neutrinos
Neutrino oscillometry
Atmospheric neutrinos
Dark Matter indirect search 27

28. Proton decay in LENA K m, p p e+ p0  1033 y (work progress)
High efficiency (68%) for
p  K+   5 x 1034 y
p e+ p  1033 y
(work progress)
K m, p
Latest developments:
Full event reconstruction under study: “LS as optical TPC”
Site study for Pyhäsalmi completed (FP7)
White paper under preparation (German contributions to white paper: TUM, Aachen, Hamburg, HGF, …..)

29. The neutrino energy scale & experiments
0
-decay
Katrin
(Mare, P8)
reactor
accelerator
Double Chooz
Kamland
Borexino
1 keV
10 keV
100 keV
LENA
1 MeV
IceCube
Low-E extension
Adopted from T. DeYoung
astrophysical

30. indirect search for dark matter
Goals:
indirect search for dark matter
• atmospheric neutrinos: -oscillations
• neutrino sources in Southern Hemisphere
German contributions: Aachen, MPIK, Wuppertal, Dortmund, Mainz, Zeuthen, Humbold Univ. Berlin

31. Feasibility study for IceCube DeepCore low-energy extension: A Megaton Cherenkov Ring Imager in Ice
Physics goals:
proton decay: target channel p → 0 + e+ with τp~ y
indirect DM
• supernova neutrinos
hep solar neutrinos
• Neutrino physics
Atmospheric 
long baseline 
Existing experimental infrastructure at South pole;
experience with string deployment;
physics data taking during detector extension
goal: 10 MeV energy threshold

32. Summary & future projects
Direct DM search: 1 ton experiment  U. Oberlack’s talk
Direct  mass measurement < 100 meV (beyond KATRIN) challenging, however there are new ideas!
Neutrino-less double beta decay (0):
GERDA phase I/II under preparation  prototype for 1 ton experiment (GERDA/Majorana)
Cobra R&D for solid state TPC
No time to discuss mentioned:
SNO+ participation TU Dresden (Zube)
EXO participation of group at TUM (Fierlinger) studies Ba tagging
Liquid scintillator projects
Borexino: precision measurements of solar-’s, reactor- and geo- detection
Double Chooz near detector filling started; far detector to be constructed
Proton decay & neutrino astronomy with LENA
Water (Ice) Cherenkov
Design studay for proton decay & neutrino astrophysics with low-energy extension of IceCube DeepCore