1. Harmoko, MD#, Edward, MD #Institut Kesehatan Helvetia
Health Policy Analysis
Analysis of National Health Insurance in Indonesia: It’s Sustainability from Macro-economic Aspects
Harmoko, MD#, Edward, MD
#Institut Kesehatan Helvetia

2. BACKGROUND Following the theme of universal health coverage
Major pro and contra that needs more study
Potential area exist for reformation

3. INTRODUCTION
Indonesia is in the midst of major health system reformation
National Health Insurance (NHI) is one of the healthcare products that aimed for a comprehensive, affordable, and high quality manner
Slow improvement due to low education, difficult geographical access, cultural barriers, low income and low health expenditures

4. INTRODUCTION
Financial crisis, Indonesia is still struggling to finance healthcare, especially for the poor
A strong relationship between health status of a population and healthcare financing, especially healthcare expenditures
Nominal amount and percentage of gross domestic product, are lower in developing countries rather than those in developed countries, that in which contribute negatively on the improvement of health status in Indonesia

5. INTRODUCTION
Healthcare financing is the most important element in achieving healthcare improvement. The weight of healthcare expenditures affect the availability of human resources, medical supplies, distribution of healthcare facilities, quality of services, and other important process of healthcare delivery (WHO 2000)

6. OBJECTIVE
Healthcare financing through NHI schemes will be reviewed to identify problems and potentials for reformation
Give evidence-based information and analyze the NHI program in Indonesia: it’s sustainability from macro-economic aspects

7. Universal Health Coverage
a. the percentage of the population covered
b. The comprehensiveness of the health services included
c) the percentage of health-care costs still borne by the population

8. METHOD OF RESEARCH This research is done with qualitative approaches.
The research strategy is exploring towards process, activity, and event
The primary data were directly collected by researchers by in-depth interview, focus group discussion (management, hospital administrative, and primary health services) and case-study interpretative approaches.
the secondary data were collected from several documentations and publications

9. RESULT Membership Encourage from private sector
Law enforcement with administrative sanctions
Contribution
Low contribution fee require for increasing
Cross subsidy or mutual sharing
Healthcare provider
Readiness of public health center
Distribution, facilities, and comprehensiveness of providers

10. RESULT Financial Price regulation
Fund management option for liquidity and solvability
Pharmaceutical
Efficiency of pharmaceutical expenditure
Fiscal
GDP consider as the third lowest (2.7%)
Low fiscal income

11. CONCLUSION
Strategy for sustainability: supporting effective, efficient, and equitable
Expanding membership
Creating fiscal capacity for revenue
Increasing GDP in healthcare expenditure
Efficiency, distribution and amelioration of healthcare providers
Developed rewards system to encourage public health center