1. Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Infections (STIs/STDs)

2. Quiz Time! True or False
Most people with an STD experience painful symptoms.
Birth control pills prevent the spread of STDs.
Douching will cure an STD.
Abstinence is the best way to prevent STDs.
If you get an STD once, and are treated, you can’t get it again.
A person does not need to see a doctor if she/he notices scores on his/her genitals once, but then they go away.
Condoms help prevent the spread of STDs

3. STIs
STIs are diseases and infections which are capable of being spread from person to person through:
Sexual intercourse
Oral-genital contact or in non-sexual ways
IV drug

4. Symptoms Sores (either painful or painless) Blood in urine
Burning sensation when urinating
Rashes
Itching
Bumps
Warts
Unusual discharge

5. Chlamydia Most common STD caused by a bacterium
Can damage reproductive organs
“Silent” – damage occurs with often no/little symptoms
2.8 million new cases occur each year
1,307,893 infections reported in 2010
Transmitted through vaginal, anal, or oral sex
Can be passed through childbirth

6. Chlamydia Treatment: Easily treated with antibiotics
If symptoms do occur, they usually appear within 1 to 3 weeks after exposure
SYMPTOMS:
Women - Lower abdominal pain, low back pain, nausea, fever, pain during intercourse, or bleeding between menstrual periods.
Men: Discharge from penis, burning sensation when urinating. Burning or itching around opening of penis.
Infection has been found in rectums and throats if anal or oral sex was performed.
Treatment: Easily treated with antibiotics

7. Gonorrhea
A bacterium that grows and multiply easily in the warm, moist areas of the reproductive tract.
Includes the cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes in women, and in the urethra in women and men.
The bacterium can also grow in the mouth, throat, eyes, and anus.

8. Gonorrhea
Each year more than 700,000 people in the United States are infected with gonorrhea
People get gonorrhea from close sexual contact (anal sex, oral sex, and vaginal).
Gonorrhea can also be spread from mother to child during birth.
Gonorrhea infection can spread to other unlikely parts of the body

9. Symptoms of Gonorrhea
Appear 5-7 days or can take up to 30 days to appear
Sore or red throat if you have gonorrhea in the throat from oral sex
Rectal pain
Blood and pus in bowel movements if you have gonorrhea in the rectum from anal sex.

10. Syphilis STD caused by a bacterium
The long range effects can be very serious, including death.
Passed from person to person through direct contact with a syphilis sore
Sores mainly occur on the external genitalia, vagina, anus, or rectum. Sores can also occur on the lips and in the mouth.
Transmission of the organism occurs during vaginal, anal, or oral sex.
4 Stages

11. Syphilis: 4 Stages Primary Secondary
Single Sore (chancre): mouth, anus, rectum, throat
Appears days after contact
Secondary
Lasts 3-6 weeks
After chancre, copper-colored skin rash on palms of hands, soles of feet, or covers the whole body (severe cases)

12. Syphilis: 4 Stages Latent: “Hidden”
All symptoms disappear so that the victim thinks he/she is cured.
Not treated: the bacterium remains in the body and begins to damage the internal organs including the brain, nerves, eyes, heart, blood vessels, liver, bones, and joints.

13. Syphilis: 4 Stages Late/Tertiary:
The results of the internal damage from the 3rd stage shows up many years later
Ten, twenty, even thirty years after the initial infection - sudden heart attack, failure of vision, loss of motor coordination or mental disturbances.

14. Herpes An STD caused by the HSV Virus.
Symptoms usually show 2-20 days after contact.
May be extremely painful or very mild.
“outbreaks” of blisters and ulcers.
Stress, bruising, chaffing, or a woman’s period may cause an onset of the disease.
Once infected with HSV, people remain infected for life.

15. Transmission of Herpes
Through direct contact
Kissing, vaginal, oral, or anal sex, other skin-to-skin contact.
Can be transmitted even if there are no sores or other symptoms. People often catch it by having sex with someone who doesn’t know s/he is infected.
Can be passed on through childbirth – can be fatal for baby
1 in 6 people from age are infected

16. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
STI: The virus infects the skin and mucous membranes.
More than 40 HPV types that can infect the genital areas of men and women, including the skin of the penis, vulva and anus, and the linings of the vagina, cervix, and rectum.
You can’t see HPV – easy to spread to others

17. HPV Most people with HPV have no symptoms. HPV can cause:
Genital warts
Cervical cancer (mostly no symptoms until advanced stages)
Cancers of the vulva, vagina, anus and penis

18. HPV Passed on through genital contact
Vaginal and anal sex
Oral sex and genital to genital contact
Approximately 20 million Americans are infected with HPV.
6 million infected each year
Can get vaccinated for prevention

19. Genital Warts / Veniral Warts
Growths that appear on the vagina or penis, near the anus, and sometimes in the throat.
The virus that causes genital warts is spread by vaginal or anal intercourse and by oral sex.

20. Pubic Lice = Crabs
Small creatures that infect pubic hair area and lay eggs.
Crabs are frequently the color and size of small freckles. These very small lice (crabs) usually attack the sexual (pubic) areas of the body.
Found under arms, eyelashes, moustaches.
Spread through direct physical contact. Close body contact with an infected person.
SYMPTOMS: A terrible, persisting itch in the genital, rectal (sexual) area.

21. Trichomoniasis (Trick)
Very common STD caused by a parasite
An estimated 3.7 million cases
Transmitted through sexual intercourse
Can be transmitted to the baby during delivery.
Most common & most curable with antibiotics – Without treatment, the infection can last for months or years

22. Symptoms
Men temporarily have an irritation inside the penis, mild discharge, or slight burning after urination or ejaculation.
Frothy, yellow-green vaginal discharge with a strong odor.
Discomfort during intercourse and urination, as well as irritation and itching of the female genital area.
Frequently has no symptoms.

23. HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus The virus that causes AIDS
Destroys the body's ability to fight off infections.
HIV can be found in body fluids, including:
blood
semen
vaginal fluids
breast milk

24. HIV Facts
You cannot get HIV from shaking hands or hugging a person with HIV/AIDS
You cannot get HIV from using a public telephone, drinking fountain, restroom, swimming pool, Jacuzzi, or hot tub
You cannot get HIV from sharing a drink
You cannot get HIV from being coughed or sneezed on by a person with HIV/AIDS
You cannot get HIV from a mosquito bite

25. Stages of HIV Infection
Acute HIV Syndrome
virus rapidly spreads to organs, especially the lymphoid tissues
HIV virus not very aggressive in causing diseases or severe symptoms
Asymptomatic State 
infection is not visible
virus starts to grow and multiply in the lymph nodes

26. Stages Of HIV Symptomatic Disease/AIDS
Viremia (spread of virus in the blood) 
Loss of immune system
End stage Disease
immune system collapses
virus continues to slowly destroy the Immune System for up to 10 years 
usually an opportunistic infection is the cause of death

27. AIDS Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Ways you get AIDS:
Vaginal, oral, anal, etc. sex
Sharing drug needles and syringes
during pregnancy, birth, or breast-feeding if a mother has HIV
getting a blood transfusion from a person with HIV

28. Yeast Infections
Yeast fungus that may or may not be transmitted by sexual intercourse.
Caused by high doses of antibiotics. It is usually caused by altering the Ph of the vagina.
SYMPTOMS:
A thick cheesy vaginal discharge
Severe itching

29. Facts
There are 19 million new STD cases each year in the United States.
Young people represent 25% of the sexually experienced population in the U.S., but account for nearly half of new STDs
3 million teens contract an STD each year – some of which have no cure, are a leading cause of cervical cancer or can even lead to infertility.

30. Prevention of STIs ABSTINENCE Know your partner Limit your partners
Visit your doctor
Get Tested!
Latex condoms
Keep clean!

31. Videos
AIDS
STIs on the rise
1 in 4 Teen Girls
Myths