1. 9.2 The ISMs
February 2016

2. Nationalism
Feelings of pride and loyalty to a nation
American Systems: a series of measures intended to make the US economically self-sufficient (independent economy)
Hint: STRONG ECONOMY=HAPPY PEOPLE=LESS CONFLICT
Created by Henry Clay
Felt the way to improve nationalism was to promote internal improvements (aka build roads and canals!)
Many members of Congress believed that the constitution did NOT permit gov’t to spend $$ on this!
Clay believed the benefits would make it worth it!

3. Roads & Canals Erie Canal: water canal built from Albany  Buffalo, NY
Early 1800s  DIRT ROADS!
Congress decided to go with Clay and invest in roads & canals.
Roads and Canals helped make transportation easier for Americans
Allowed goods and people to be moved faster and cheaper from place to place
Cumberland Road: first road built by the federal government.
(only used shovels & pick-axes to build!)
Erie Canal: water canal built from Albany  Buffalo, NY
(only used shovels!)

4. Cumberland Road
Erie
Canal

5. Era of Good Feelings
: time of peace, pride & progress in the US – 2 cases strengthened Fed. Gov’t
McCulloch v. Maryland
Maryland taxed any bank not chartered in the state – including the national bank
McCulloch refused to pay the tax – Maryland sued McCullough
Outcome: allowed Congress to use implied powers to charter the Second National Bank; tax is unconstitutional
Gibbons v. Ogden
Gibbons & Ogden were rival steamboat operators – wanted control of the same rivers in NY
Outcome: the states could not interfere with the power of Congress to regulate interstate commerce

6. Missouri Compromise
Sectionalism: disagreements between the different regions of the US
Conflict arose over Missouri entering into the Union – should it be a slave state??
At the time 11 slave states & 11 free states
Missouri would make it uneven!

7. Missouri Compromise of 1820
Henry Clay convinced Congress to agree to the Missouri Compromise
3 main conditions:
Missouri would enter the Union as a slave state
Maine would join the Union as a free state, keeping the number of slave and free states equal
Slavery would be prohibited in any new territories or states formed north of the 36°30’ latitude – Missouri’s southern border

9. 9.2 Content Questions (due Wednesday!!)
What is nationalism?
Who proposed the American System? What was the purpose of the American system?
How did the American people benefit from roads and canals?
Explain McCulloch v Maryland and Gibbons v Ogden…what were they, what was decided?
What were the 3 parts of the Missouri Compromise? (in your own words)