1. Chapter 9 NATION BUILDING AND NATIONIONALISM

2. North America, 1819

3. Revolution in Transportation
Madison and Calhoun called for “internal improvements”
Improve the transportation network
Roads, turnpikes (toll roads), canals

4. Waltham-Lowell System
Mechanized cotton mill where all stages of production done under one roof
Employees lived in company housing (dorms), away from home and family
Most were young, unmarried women (Lowell girls/mill girls)

5. Spinning Mule

6. Spinning Jenny

7. Textile Mill Boarding House in Lowell, Massachusetts

8. Republicans in Power Republicans adopted some Federalist ideas
Henry Clay’s American System, 1816
High tariffs to protect industries
Second Bank of the U.S.
Federal aid for internal improvements

9. The Election of 1816: The “Era of Good Feelings”

10. The Election of 1820

11. The Missouri Compromise (1820)
Missouri admitted as slave state
Maine admitted as free state
Slavery banned in future state above the latitude of 36o30’

12. Missouri Compromise
Exposed sectional divisions over slavery as US territory expanded
Creation of a geographical line that divides the nation
South worried that free states would come to outnumber slave states, which could lead to the elimination of slavery

13. Slave Revolt: Vesey Conspiracy
1822– free black man Denmark Vesey in South Carolina planned to seize local armories, arm slave population, take Charleston
Authorities found out, charged 131 men with conspiracy
67 convicted, 35 hanged

14. The Missouri Compromise, 1820-1821

15. The Supreme Court John Marshall– Chief Justice, 1801-1835
Broadened powers of federal government at the expense of states
Encouraged growth of a national economy

16. McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
Implied powers doctrine
Based on Necessary + Proper Clause of Constitution
States cannot tax or regulate federal agencies
Based on Supremacy Clause of Constitution
National government not subject to regulation by states
Actions of national government supreme over state actions

17. Foreign Policy
“Grand Alliance” of Europe saw Latin American revolts as threat to colonial rule
Monroe persuaded by John Quincy Adams that U.S. must protect Latin American independence
Monroe Doctrine, 1823
U.S. opposed European expansion to the Western Hemisphere
Expression of nationalism