1. How utilities achieve savings by investing in the intelligent grid
Jussi Ahola, European Utility Week ,
How utilities achieve savings by investing in the intelligent grid
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 1 1MRS A

2. Smart Grid Four forces that drive the development
Demand for competition in the market
Demand to decrease carbon emission
Need to secure the reliability
of electricity
Supporting technology and solutions are available
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 2

3. Smart Grid Main differences Traditional Grid – Smart Grids
Centralized power generation
One-directional power flow
Generation follows load
Top-down operations planning
Operation based on historical experience
traditional grid
smart grids
Centralized and distributed power generation
Multi-directional power flow
Consumption integrated in system operation
Operation based on real-time data
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 3

4. Smart Grids Conclusion
Union of the Electricity Industry – EURELECTRIC
Source: Smart Grids and smart energy regulation can help implement climate change objectives.
The Smart Grid is no revolution but rather an evolution or a process (1
In addition to “Smart Devices (IEDs)” there will be “Smart Substations”, “Smart Primary Equipment”, “Smart Appliances” (2
ABB has been providing components, subsystems and complete Smart Grid solution backbones for 25 years, thus we are well prepared for the further evolution of the Smart Grid.
The Smart Grid is no revolution but rather an evolution or a process within which electricity grids are being continuously improved to meet the needs of current and future customers. (1
In addition to “Smart Devices (IEDs)” there will be “Smart Substations”, “Smart Primary Equipment”, “Smart Appliances” etc. as the Smart Grid is based on Distributed Computing in an integrated information environment
ABB has been providing components, subsystems and complete Smart Grid solution backbones for 25 years, thus we are well prepared for the further evolution of the Smart Grid.
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 4

5. Intelligent grid solutions and products
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 5

6. The Zone Concept – optimal network efficiency
Grid Automation
The Zone Concept – optimal network efficiency
Light substation
Recloser station
Control room
Communication
Disconnector Station
Distributed generation
Switching Station
Pole mounted recloser
The main long-term objective for the development of the power distribution network is to increase the quality of the electricity and the continuity of supply in a cost effective way. With its intelligent equipment solutions, the zone concept creates a solid and flexible basis for this comprehensive development work.
Zone Concept main objectives:
- Divide the network into zones based on protection zones and control zones
- Limit the effects of disturbances to smaller areas brings less consumers affected and revenue lost
- Use intelligent equipment solutions and communication for efficient operation mean less and shorter outages, less demand for man work in the field
- Get improved voltage quality (light substations and shorter lines)
- Get improved use of the distribution network investments heals higher degree of utilization, less stress on the network and improved asset management
- Adapts to changes in the operational environment which can be implemented step by step and grows with the requirement
Pole mounted switch
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 6

7. Advanced fault management - distributed intelligence
Grid Automation
Advanced fault management - distributed intelligence
-Same as Zone concept but with a simplified schematics
-Emphasize is on total advanced fault management
-The accuracy of the fault location and thus also fault management function is enhanced by adding information from all system levels of the distribution network.
- AMR plays an important role here as well if properly implemented
Bay level
-Protection algorithms for short circuits and earth fault
- Disturbance data recording, COMTRADE
- Enables prediction of non-permanent earth faults
- Enables basis for fully automated fault localization
Substation level
-Grid Automation Controller that provides the typical control and monitoring functionality.
- SCADA gateway and reporting features supported
- As added value it also generates the fault report to DMS
Protection & Control Zone level
- Reclosers enable automatic fault isolation
- Remote controlled disconnectors divide the network into smaller areas
- Fault indicators transmit the fault status i.e. which branch or part of the network the fault goes through
Communication
- Secure end-to-end communication utilising M2M VPN technology and built-in firewall
- Precise, real-time data acquisition from your distribution network with standardized protocols
- IEC over GPRS or other wireless communication media
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 7

8. Grid Automation Flexible offering for both city and rural networks
Switchgear
RMU (AIS)
RMU (GIS)
Disconnector
Recloser
Switch
Protection Control IED’s
Assemblies
Standardized solutions for outdoor apparatures, RMUs and secondary switchgears:
Protection, control, monitoring, fault indication and communication functions
Fast deployment, designed to fit to the primary parts as retrofit
- Standardized solutions for both new sites and retrofit in a economically and sustainable
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 8

9. Grid Automation Communication alternatives
Cost vs. performance
Copper Wire
Power Line
Fiber
Optic
Satellite
Private
Wireless
Public Wireless
WIRELESS
WIRELINE
ABB IED’s support the most common communication options: fiber-optic and public wireless.
Support for all communication alternatives through e.g. interface modems.
Cost vs. ownership
- A total Grid Automation solution requires versatile communication and data transfer options providing secure and reliable connectivity.
-For existing networks the implementation of public wireless communication solutions might be the easiest and most feasible method.
-End-to-end communication with online characteristics shall be provided to meet modern requirements .
-TCP/IP based comms are recommended as it forms a future proof base.
-Standard protocols such as IEC-104/DNP3.0 over TCP to be preferred.
Fiber optic cable >>> increasing
In city networks and when the fiber is/can be integrated with the power cable
When there is a larger communication need (e.g. in connection with longitudinal differential protection)
High capacity, allows simultaneous use for many tasks
Relatively high investment costs
2. Wireless >>> rapidly increasing
Cost-effective and secure packet switched data transfer.
Can cover big systems and coverage large areas(even global systems) with low CAPEX investments
Public networks
Easy and fast set-up, decreasing prices Small investment cost (no need to set up dedicated radio network)
Always on connections with small operational cost (with packet based communication like GPRS)
Lower capacity than with fiber, but practically works good enough
Security and reliability
-All ABB Grid Automation communication solutions have support for authentication, integrated firewalls and are utilizing the VPN technique.
-Thus the danger of external unauthorized access is eliminated.
-Furthermore the communication solutions have built-in and continuous end-to-end supervision.
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 9

10. MicroSCADA Pro The product portfolio SYS 600 SYS 600C DMS 600
Software product
Usage in gateways, control and human-machine interface (HMI) applications
SYS 600C
Solid state computer (no moving parts)
Includes pre-installed software
Usage in gateways, control, communication and HMI applications
DMS 600
Enables efficient network management
Geographical network presented with background maps
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 10

11. Utility case Fortum
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 11

12. Pilot Case Fortum Oy, Masala
Piloted area
Two feeders
Four protection zones
20 remote zones
Total feeder length 100km
New equipment added to pilot scope
Four disconnectors stations with fault indication functionality
Two overhead reclosers
Protection relays renewed in appr. 20 feeders.
Arc protection added for personnel safety.
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 12

13. Results and the conclusion
Pilot Case
Results and the conclusion
Before
After
“Traditional” Grid automation speeds up every step, but doesn’t reduce the quantity of faults
Protection zones limit fault affected area/customers
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 13

14. Pilot Case The results and the conclusion
Function
Decrease of SAIFI
Decrease of SAIDI
Comments
New protection zone
30-40%
20-30%
Downstream faults not affected
Fault location -
50-60%
Trial connections can be omitted
Fault forecasting
20%
Peramanent fault probability reduced
Improved network reliability and enhanced power quality
The data quality is improved and quantity decreased, which is transfered to the control centre
Advanced station level reporting reduces the amount of non-processed data sent to operators – control center can focus on overall coordination tasks.
By adding information from all system levels of the distribution network the accuracy of the fault location was enhanced.
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 14

15. Pilot Case The results and the conclusion, continued
History analyze, based on data from MicroSCADA Pro DMS 600
Study
period
SAIDI
h/customer
SAIFI
Pcs/customer
1.1 –
0,822
3,272
1.1. –
0,867
1,586
1.1. –
0,446
0,371
Fortum S/S Masala 1.1. – 31.5.
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 15

16. Utility case Pohjois-Karjalan Sähkö Oy (PKS)
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 16

17. Pohjois-Karjalan Sähkö
Pohjois-Karjalan Sähkö Oy (PKS) is an energy Group operating in Eastern Finland, established in 1945.
Electricity production in the hydropower plants owned by Pohjois-Karjalan Sähkö Oy amounted to 245 million kilowatt-hours in 2012.
PKS electricity distribution network has a total length 21,353 km
The number of metering points is 87,945. In 2012 we launched an extensive project on replacing more than 87,000 electricity meters.
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 17

18. PKS Oy, case stydy S/S Ilomantsi, feeder Hattuvaara
PKS MV Network Grid Automation installation 2009
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 18

19. PKS Oy, case stydy The impact of investment to amount of outages
East zone
West zone
New Reclosers
Grid Automation investment 2009
South zone
S/S Ilomantsi
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 19

20. PKS Oy, case stydy The impact of investment to SAIDI / SAIFI
East zone
West zone
New Reclosers
South zone
S/S Ilomantsi
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 20

21. PKS Oy, case stydy The impact of investment to cost of outages
Cost of outage related to outege duration in
Hattuvaara feeder (1
Teknillinen korkeakoulu, Tampereen teknillinen yliopisto / Silvast Antti, Heine Pirjo, Lehtonen Matti, Kivikko Kimmo, Mäkinen Antti, Järventausta Pertti (2005), Sähkönjakelun keskeytyksistä aiheutuva haitta, joulukuu 2005
Average cost of outage in Hattuvaara feeder during
During year 2010 and there was major storms in Finland.
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 21

22. Summary Benefits of investment
Automated fault handling
Field Crew Management
Reports and Network Planning
Proactive fault handling
© ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 22

23. © ABB Group
September 16, 2018 | Slide 23