1. Atmosphere

2. IMPORTANCE CONTAINS OXYGEN, CARBON DIOXIDE, AND WATER INSULATOR
PROTECTION FROM METEORS

3. ORIGINS
1. COOLING OF MOLTEN ROCK 2. WATER VAPOR (g)  RAIN (l)  OCEANS 3. ORGANISMS USED CO2 AND SUN  O2  OTHER ORGANISMS

4. COMPOSITION GASES - 78% NITROGEN - 21% OXYGEN
- 1%: ARGON, CO2, WATER VAPOR
SOLIDS
- POLLEN, SALT, AND DUST
LIQUID
- WATER AND ACIDS

6. REVIEW WHAT GASES ARE THE EARTH’S ATMOSPHERE MADE UP OF?
MOSTLY NITOGREN, THEN OXYGEN, AND SMALL AMOUNT OF ARGON, CO2, AND WATER VAPOR

8. LAYERS TROPOSPHERE - WARMEST NEAR SURFACE STRATOSPHERE
- LOWER: HIGH AMOUNT OF OZONE GAS (OZONE LAYER)
- ABSORBS ULTRAVIOLET RAYS  PROTECTION

9. MESOSPHERE AND THERMOSPHERE
- LARGER THAN 1ST TWO LAYERS
- ONLY 1% GAS
- BURN UP METEORS BY FRICTION
- CONTAINS IONOSPHERE
- CHARGED PARTICLES
- AUROAS

10. EXOSPHERE
- PRESSURE AND DENSITY VERY LOW
- MOLECULES MOVE AT FAST SPEEDS

11. REVIEW
WHAT ARE THE LAYERS OF THE ATMOSPHERE STARTING WITH THE ONE CLOSEST TO THE EARTH?
TROPOSPHERE: CLOUDS + PLANES
STRATOSPHRE: OZONE LAYER + WEATHER BALLOON
MESOSPHERE: METEORS BURNED UP
THERMOSPHERE: METEORS + AURORAS
EXOSPHERE: SATELITES

12. PRESSURE AND ALTITUDE GRAVITY PULLS ATMOSPHERE TOWARD EARTH
HIGHER THE ALTITUDE  LESS DENSE

13. TEMPERATURE AND ALTITUDE
TROPOSPHERE
-TEMP. DECREASE AS ALTITUDE INCREASES
STRATOSPHRE
-TEMP. INCREASE AS ALTITUDE INCREASES
MESOSPHERE
-TEMP. DECREASE AS ALTITUDE INCREASE
THERMOSPHRE + EXOSPHERE
-TEMP. INCREASE AS ALTITUDE INCREASE

14. REVIEW
HOW DOES TEMPERATURE CHANGE AS ALTITUDE INCREASES WITHIN EACH OF THE LAYERS OF THE ATMOSPHERE?

15. SUN ENERGY
RADIATION
-VISIBLE LIGHT
-UV LIGHT
-INFRARED

16. EARTH ENERGY ABSORBED -20% BY PARTICLES -50% BY SURFACE REFLECTED
-25% BY PARTICLES AND CLOUDS
-5% BY LAND AND SEA
-GREENHOUSE GASES TRAP REFLECTED ENERGY BACK TO EARTH

17. ENERGY TRANSFER RADIATION -SUN TO EARTH CONDUCTION -DIRECT CONTACT
CONVECTION
-MOVEMENT OF PARTICLES
-LATENT HEAT
-SURFACE TO ATMOSPHERE

19. CIRCULATING AIR AFFECTS WEATHER AND CLIMATE
-COLD AIR SINKS AND PUSHES WARM AIR UP
-UNSTABLE  THUNDERSTORMS
-STABLE  TEMPERATURE INVERSIONS

20. AIR CURRENTS

21. AIR CURRENTS GLOBAL WINDS -UNEQUAL HEATING OF EARTH GLOBAL WIND BELTS
-AFFECTED BY CORIOLIS EFFECT (EARTH’S ROTATION CAUSES WIND TO APPEAR TO MOVE)
-TRADE WINDS
-WESTERLIES
-POLAR EASTERLIES
-JET STREAMS

23. AIR CURRENTS LOCAL WINDS -SEA BREEZE -LAND BREEZE

24. REVIEW WHICH DOES NOT AFFECT GLOBAL WIND BELTS? A. AIR PRESSURE
B. LAND BREEZES
C. CORIOLIS EFFECT
D. SUN

25. AIR QUALITY SOURCES -POINT SOURCE -SMOKESTACKS FROM FACTORIES
-NONPOINT SOURCE
-LARGE CITY AIR POLLUTION

27. AIR QUALITY CAUSES AND EFFECTS -ACID PRECIPIATION
-DAMAGES WATER SOURCES AND STONE STRUCTURES
-SMOG
-HARD TO SEE AND BREATHE

29. MAINTAIN AIR QUALITY
-CLEAN AIR ACT
-MONITOR POLLUTION
INDOOR AIR POLLUTION
-SMOKING, CLEANING PRODUCTS, PESTICIDES, FIREPLACES, INSULATION, RADON