1. Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP) Priority Action Plan (PAP) 21: Harmonized Weather Information Susan Hoyler, Director, Technical Operations, SGIP Marty Burns, Technical Champion, PAP-21
Open Geospatial Consortium
Energy and Domain Working Group
June 10, 2014

2. Agenda The Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP)
Domain Expert Working Groups, Standing Committees, Priority Action Plans
Catalog of Standards
Priority Action Plan (PAP) – 21
Process flow
Business Case
Towards harmonization of weather and environmental data exchange
Core weather model standards
9/16/2018

3. Smart Grid Interoperability Panel
9/16/2018

4. SGIP Members Electric Utilities Manufacturers Governments & Regulators
Investor Owned Utilities, Rural Electric Cooperatives, Municipal
Renewable Power, Transmission System Operators, Retail, Financial Market
Manufacturers
Appliance, Industrial, Vehicle, Power Equipment, Communications, Information Technology, Integrators
Associations and Standards Development Orgs (SDOs)
Governments & Regulators
Federal & State agencies
Who participates in SGIP
Over 200 organizations
With over 800 users
Covering 22 Stakeholder Categories
Both visionaries and reactors
50 + member groups

5. Domain Expert Working Groups (DEWGs) Priority Action Plans (PAPs)
SGIP Member Groups
Membership
Domain Expert Working Groups (DEWGs)
Priority Action Plans (PAPs)
Standing Member
Committees
Architecture
Cybersecurity
Implementation Methods
Testing & Certification
Building to Grid
Home to Grid
Industry to Grid
Business & Policy
Vehicle to Grid
Distributed Renewables,
Generation & Storage
Wireless Comm - 02
Energy Storage Interconnect - 07
Distribution Grid Mgmt - 08
Standard DR & DER Signals - 09
Map IEEE 1815 to IEC
Wind Plant Comm - 16
Power Line Comm - 15
Facility Smart Grid Info Std - 17
Wholesale Demand Response - 19
Green Button ESPI Evolution - 20
EV Fueling Submetering - 22
Weather Info - 21
Conceptual Models & Roadmaps
Requirements
Use Cases
Whitepapers
Standards Evaluations
Catalog of Standards
Transmission & Distribution
SGIP Member Groups
Work Products

6. Coordination with EU
Worked closely with European Union Smart Grid Coordination Group (SG-CG) to coordinate Smart Grid architectures on methodology and interoperability through information sharing and workshops
Provided input on CEN-CENELEC –ETSI intermediate reports from SG-CG working groups (March 15, 2014)
Standardisation Gaps Prioritisation for the Smart Grid
Smart Grid Information Security
Methodology & New Applications
Methodologies to achieve Smart Grid system interoperability through standardization, system design and testing
Who participates in SGIP
Over 200 organizations
With over 800 users
Covering 22 Stakeholder Categories
Both visionaries and reactors
50 + member groups

7. Recent SGIP Publications
Group
Title
Date
Implementation Methods (SGIMC)
Case Study: Implementing the Common Information Model (CIM) at DTE Energy
The value of standards based integration using an Enterprise Semantic Model and supporting architectural concepts such as the Enterprise Service Bus (ESB)
Cybersecurity (SGCC)
User’s Guide to the Guidelines for Smart Grid Cyber Security (NISTIR 7628 Vol. 1 – Aug 2010)
Helps utilities apply the cybersecurity guidance and leverages the DOE’s Electricity Subsector Cybersecurity Risk Management Process (RMP)
Broadcast-based H2G Communication Solutions Dec 2013
The development of this paper was motivated by a request from regulators and appliance makers for a simple method to deliver energy management data from a power utility or energy service provider to consumer products and explores a new paradigm for the consumer-centric use of broadcast tools.
 Case Study: Implementing the Common Information Model (CIM) at DTE Jan 2014
This paper presents a case study of DTE Energy’s implementation of the IEC Common Information Model (CIM) and the value of standards based integration using an Enterprise Semantic Model and supporting architectural concepts such as the Enterprise Service Bus (ESB).
White Paper: NISTIR 7628 User’s Guide Feb 2014
While NISTIR 7628 covers many significant cybersecurity topics, this User’s Guide is focused primarily on the application of NISTIR 7628 Volume 1 in the context of an organization’s cybersecurity risk management practices. The User’s Guide provides an end-to-end implementation guide for an organization’s Smart Grid cybersecurity activities, and references the Department of Energy (DOE) Electricity Subsector Cybersecurity Risk Management Process (RMP) to provide the cybersecurity risk management framework and organizational structure needed before system-specific controls identified in NISTIR 7628 can be applied. The User’s Guide was developed with significant involvement by utilities, and is designed specifically to aid utilities in choosing and applying appropriate cybersecurity guidance found in NISTIR 7628 Volume 1 to their Smart Grid systems.

8. Upcoming Committee Publications
Group
Title
Date
SGIMC
Case Study : How San Bernard Electric Coop Used MultiSpeak to Integrate its Customer Information System and their Outage Management System
SGCC
Architecture Subgroup
“Defense in Depth and Breadth and the Smart Grid” White Paper
Cloud Computing Subgroup
“Cloud Computing Considerations in the Smart Grid — Assessing and Implementing Cloud Computing Initiatives that Potentially Impact the Smart Grid” White Paper

9. Upcoming DEWG Publications
Group
Title
Date
DRGS - Subgroup B
“Categorizing Use Cases in Hierarchical DER Systems” White Paper: Enhance the interoperability of Distributed Energy Resource information exchanges in the Smart Grid. Includes DER hierarchical architecture, variations in DER configurations, and DER functions; process for developing information exchange requirements and object models.
DRGS - Subgroup C
“Microgrid Control and Operation Use Cases”
White Paper: Complete Functional Use Cases (10) in March; all ten to be summarized in white paper in April.
DRGS-B
“DER Hierarchical Classification of Use Cases and the Process for Developing Information Exchange Requirements and Object Models” White Paper
The scope and objectives of this DRGS Subgroup B white paper are to enhance the interoperability of DER information exchanges in the Smart Grid via the following:
Provide information to the power industry stakeholders on the DER hierarchical architecture, variations in DER configurations, and DER functions.
Create DER architecture diagrams that are mapped to the European SGAM format, and cover the range of different configurations and DER management infrastructures.
Develop categories of DER use cases based on the configuration of DER grid connections, DER roles in logical and/or islanded microgrids, the kind of authority for DER management, the range of communications capabilities, and the DER types and their functional capabilities.
Describe the process for expanding the key use cases at each of the five hierarchical architecture levels to include all pertinent categories. These expanded use cases can then be used to identify information exchange gaps in international standards

10. Upcoming DEWG Publications
Group
Title
Date
H2G
“Barriers to Responsive Appliances at Scale” White Paper
B2G, H2G
“Transactive Energy for Residential Applications” White Paper
Transactive Energy (TE) combines market forces and control techniques to achieve grid balance in a retail TE environment, where renewable energy resource outputs can change quickly and unpredictably with the weather.
B2G-I2G Joint
“Electrical Storage vs. Thermo Storage” White Paper
H2G
“Barriers to Responsive Appliances at Scale” White Paper
B2G/H2G
“Transactive Energy for Residential Applications” White Paper
Transactive Energy (TE) combines market forces and control techniques to achieve grid balance in a retail TE environment. TE is needed as this environment includes an increasing percentage of renewable energy resources with outputs that can change quickly and unpredictably with the weather.
B2G-I2G
“Electrical Storage vs. Thermo Storage” White Paper

11. Priority Action Plan (PAP) – 21 Harmonized Weather Information
9/16/2018

12. Priority Action Plan (PAP)-21 Process Flow
Business Case
State our reason for being and success
Use Cases
Illustrate the applications space of the result
Harmonization Requirements
Derive requirements for the activity
Hand off to SSO(s)
~Feb-Mar 2014
~April-July 2014
~July-Aug 2014
9/16/2018

13. Business Case Outline Executive Summary Who are we? The Challenge
Having a more harmonized weather exchange model among the many current formats increases interoperability, improves data quality, and reduces the cost of acquisition of weather information which allows more resources to be devoted to innovative uses of weather.
Who are we?
The Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP) accelerates the implementation of interoperable smart grid devices and systems.
The Challenge
Detailed knowledge of weather – current, historical, and forecasted – can provide the basis for Smart Grid stakeholders to optimize current and future operations and to mitigate disruption and damage from adverse weather events.
Why Harmonized Weather Standards Will Help
In order to exploit weather data, it must first be acquired and analyzed. The process of data acquisition itself is purely overhead and does not provide any direct value. Value comes from analysis of weather data once obtained.
What Will Drive This Forward
Stakeholders in an open weather data ecosystem will thrive with harmonized and low-impedance availability of data for exchange
9/16/2018

14. Before and After* *note – oversimplification of the standards space
WMO
IEC
Harmony
PAP21
CAP
MESONET
9/16/2018

15. High Level Data Organization of Weather
High Level Data Organization of Weather* Current Weather Data standards can be described this way
Observations
Alerts
Forecasts
Geometry
Phenomena
ValueSets
Geometry
Phenomena
ValueSets
Analogs
CodedValues
Analogs
CodedValues
*Courtesy EPRI 2014
9/16/2018

16. Core Weather Model Standards (semantics and syntax for weather information exchange)
WMO
WMO/METECE/IWXXM
Incorporates from METAR, SPECI, SIGMET, TAF, BUFR, GRIB
Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Observation and Measurement
IEC
IEC TC57WG16 Common Information Model (CIM) for Environmental Extensions IEC 62325
IEC – Part of 7-4 including wind and photovoltaics
IEC – Communications for monitoring and control of wind power plants, TC 88
Other Standards
OASIS CAP / Emergency Interoperability Consortium
ASHRAE FSGIM (based on WXXM)
DWML -
Corporate
Earth Networks (Weatherbug) -
Weather Underground -
“K” factor standard for space weather
NASA Weather from Satellite in RETSCREEN – tool
National Mesonet Program Alliance
IOOS CSV
*FL
MADIS interface (
Lightening Data –
Earth Networks delivers this data
WMO has data representation
9/16/2018

17. Scales of Motion in the atmosphere
Microscale: Atmospheric motions with Lagrangian Rossby numbers greater than 200 or spatial scales 2 km or less.
Mesoscale: Pertaining to atmospheric phenomena having horizontal scales ranging from a few to several hundred kilometers, including thunderstorms, squall lines, fronts, precipitation bands in tropical and extratropical cyclones, and topographically generated weather systems such as mountain waves and sea and land breezes. From a dynamical perspective, this term pertains to processes with timescales ranging from the inverse of the Brunt–Väisälä frequency to a pendulum day, encompassing deep moist convection and the full spectrum of inertio-gravity waves but stopping short of synoptic-scale phenomena, which have Rossby numbers less than 1.
Synoptic  (cyclonic) scale: Used with respect to weather systems ranging in size from several hundred kilometers to several thousand kilometers, the scale of migratory high and low pressure systems (frontal cyclones) of the lower troposphere. The scale of the migratory high and low pressure systems (or cyclone waves) of the troposphere with wave lengths of 1000–4000 km.
9/16/2018

18. Breadth of the Quantitative GHG Emission Reduction and Verification Challenge
Quantitative Methodologies to Reconcile GHG Inventories
Verification /Validation by Independent Means
9/16/2018

19. OASIS CAP 1.2
9/16/2018

20. National MESONET
Enhanced monitoring through hyper-local weather networks
9/16/2018

21. ICAO IWXXM IWXXM IWXXM- US WXXM
ICAO Annex 3 products:
METAR/SPECI,
TAF, SIGMET
IWXXM
US Specializations of ICAO Annex 3 products:
US METAR/SPECI,
US TAF, US SIGMET
IWXXM- US
Next-generation aviation weather products:
Contours, aircraft reports, gust front, motion vector, etc.
WXXM
From: Weather Information Exchange Model - WXXM - Dennis Hart - EUROCONTROL.pptx
9/16/2018

22. IWXXM Based on O&M V2
9/16/2018

23. IEC 62325 – CIM Environmental Extensions
9/16/2018

24. IEC and IEC
9/16/2018

25. Bidirectional Cross-Domain Use Cases
9/16/2018

26. Use Case Activity The following are key groupings:
Microscale weather and climate data
Renewable and/or distributed energy resources
Federation of sources and uses of weather data
Utility Operations and Markets
Climate change
Procedure (refined at meeting) –
Identify the top business oriented Use Case Topics
Review these bullets from the business case (below)
Allocate the benefits bullets to the Use Case topics
At this point we will have a small set of Key Use Cases with topic details nested under them
We then will need volunteers to help flesh out the Use Case narratives and actors lists that will form the basis of each Use Case
9/16/2018

27. Business Case Benefits Notes (1)
Big Groupings
Microscale weather and climate data
Renewable and/or distributed energy resources
Federation of sources and uses of weather data
Utility Operations and Markets
Climate change
Example Business oriented Use Case: A third party energy service provider wants to establish market-based rates for selling energy from disparate renewable sources to various clients
How Customers with a building that wants to be net0 energy
Goals of the activity
Need to use initial business use case to drive participants to help PAP
9/16/2018

28. Business Case Benefits Notes (2)
Benefits to allocate to business oriented use cases
Microclimate data availability can enrich the quality and precision of weather data providing for better analysis at lower cost.
Localized microclimate data down to the customer premise combined with regional data can provide cost-effective and accurate localized energy efficiency analyses.
Standardized data allow deployment of services across territories without additional cost and tailoring.
For acquirers of services, standardization or harmonization reduces the occurrence of vendor lock-in due to compatibility as opposed to from availability of unique and excellent services.
The opportunity for value-added services is increased by the ubiquitous availability of sourced data.
Additional sources of weather that can be easily integrated create the opportunity for a large ecosystem of service providers. Today’s divergent sources of weather data impede the ecosystem due to the high cost of acquiring and integrating data.
A well-established harmonized reference reduces uncertainty about data quality. Combining information from varying sources of differing quality can result in a net more accurate forecast and analysis. This in turn can reduce the liability for predictions based on its use. Higher resolution and metadata can be available than could be cost justified due to ease of integration.
More accurate and quantitative availability of weather data can improve resilience including minimizing outage times and restorations. The costs of outages can be reduced through better preparation and coordination of first responders.
9/16/2018

29. Microscale weather and climate data
Benefits
Microclimate data availability can enrich the quality and precision of weather data providing for better analysis at lower cost.
Localized microclimate data down to the customer premise combined with regional data can provide cost-effective and accurate localized energy efficiency analyses.
Standardized data allow deployment of services across territories without additional cost and tailoring.
For acquirers of services, standardization or harmonization reduces the occurrence of vendor lock-in due to compatibility as opposed to from availability of unique and excellent services.
The opportunity for value-added services is increased by the ubiquitous availability of sourced data.
Additional sources of weather that can be easily integrated create the opportunity for a large ecosystem of service providers. Today’s divergent sources of weather data impede the ecosystem due to the high cost of acquiring and integrating data.
A well-established harmonized reference reduces uncertainty about data quality. Combining information from varying sources of differing quality can result in a net more accurate forecast and analysis. This in turn can reduce the liability for predictions based on its use. Higher resolution and metadata can be available than could be cost justified due to ease of integration.
More accurate and quantitative availability of weather data can improve resilience including minimizing outage times and restorations. The costs of outages can be reduced through better preparation and coordination of first responders.
9/16/2018

30. Microscale weather and climate data
Relevant Use Cases
9/16/2018

31. Bidirectional Cross-Domain Weather Data Exchange: DRGS Use Cases
Application of Weather Data by Wind/Solar/CHP Generator
Forecasting data may be used autonomously by a single turbine or wind farm in the middle of nowhere.
Wind farm determine its own maintenance schedule, taking next few day low-wind periods into account. (cleverfarm.com)
CHP generator use weather data to forecast thermal load demand and determine CHP generation schedule and projected generation availability.
Microclimate data and forecasting used for storage charge management and microgrid planed islanding.
Historical data for Wind/Solar/CHP plant siting.
Communication of microclimate Weather Data collected by Wind/Solar/CHP Generators to forecasters:
Microclimate data collected from individual rooftop solar
Wind plant individual turbine and met. tower data
Forecasting and Sensor Data needs for Grid Applications:
Probabilistic distribution weather forecast for generator production, market and operational requirements
Outage prediction/restoration from major storms using weather sensor data including lightning
Disturbance analysis using rapid weather data exchange
Environmental and pollution monitoring
Space Weather affects grids
Federated Simulation of Global Climate
Types of forecasts required for Wind Power: Basic operation: Point forecasts
9/16/2018

32. Bidirectional Cross-Domain Weather Data Exchange: EPRI Use Cases
Types of forecasts required for Wind Power: Operation which takes into account asymmetrical penalties on deviations from the bid: Quantile forecasts
Types of forecasts required for Wind Power: Stochastic optimization taking into account start/stop costs, heat storage, and/or ’implicit’ storage by allowing the hydro power production to be changed with wind power production: Scenarios respecting correctly calibrated quantiles and auto correlation.
Observation: Situational Awareness
Observation: Customer bill complaint
Observation: Validate Downwind Concentration Compliance Using Historic Weather Conditions
Observation: Outage Management Use of Lightning Strike Information
Observation: Sample Request and Response for Environmental Value Set Information
Observation: METAR Weather Data Profile
Observation: TMY3 Weather Station Data
Forecast: Wind Forecast
Forecast: Solar Forecast
Forecast: Predict resource requirements for storm (or other event)
Forecast: Situational Awareness
Forecast: Weather Forecast for Load Forecast
Environmental Alert
Environmental Event
Phenomena Classification configuration
Environmental Data Provider configuration
Environmental Data Authority configuration
Environmental Location configuration
Environmental Monitoring Station configuration
9/16/2018

33. Bidirectional Cross-Domain Weather Data Exchange – B2G Use Cases
UC-1: Weather data usage to forecast near term power needs; less than 24 hours ahead
UC-2: Using Weather to Forecast Medium Term Power Needs ( days) (Similar to EIS Alliance UC-3: “Forecast Power Usage”)
UC-3: Using Weather to Forecast Long Term Power Needs (greater than 10 days) (Similar to EIS Alliance UC-3: “Forecast Power Usage”)
UC-4: Normalize building energy use to provide baseline year
UC-5: Compare building energy use against baseline
UC-6: Using Weather Information to Manage and Protect Distributed Energy Resources
UC-7: Weather Data Usage in Start/Stop Time Optimization
UC-8: Using weather data to determine when to shift loads (produce ice, pre-cool, store DG energy, delayed start…)
UC-9: Using weather data to change facility schedule (e.g. shut facility due to potential snow storm)
UC-10: Using Weather Information to Manage a Facility before a Demand Response Event
UC-11: Using Weather to Determine How Much Reactive Power Can be Offered for Sale and Direct Control by the Grid
9/16/2018

34. ADDITIONAL BACKGROUND

35. SGIP Member Groups Activities

36. Business & Policy (BnP) DEWG

37. Business & Policy (BnP) DEWG
Assist business decision-makers and regulators in implementing smart grid policies sensitive to interoperability
Green Button initiative
Engaged in discussions, education and outreach with utility regulatory commissioners & staff
Distributed Generation and Utilities Business Model
Differing State renewable portfolio standards
Interoperable Crew Management Systems for Storm Outage Restoration Mutual Aid Assistance scenarios
Assist business decision-makers and legislative or regulatory policy- makers in implementing smart grid policies sensitive to interoperability.
Green Button initiative
Engaged discussions with associations of regulators, such as the National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners (NARUC); including:
Distributed Generation and Utilities Business Model
Differing State renewable portfolio standards

38. WORKING GROUPS

39. Gas Technologies Working Group (GTWG) Activities
Proposed project in development
for pressure enabled sensors
for gas meters
Two Pronged Approach
Focus on the distribution
automation use case of pressure
monitoring
Emphasis on cybersecurity in the development of this application

40. PRIORITY ACTION PLANS

41. PAP-21: Weather Information
Identify Use Cases (UCs) that illustrate the benefits of bi-directional weather data exchange
Coordinate development of UCs with inputs from a wide range of industries
Produce a set of information requirements designed to facilitate the harmonization of information models and exchange models
Smart Grid Weather Standards There are multiple SSOs with standards development efforts related to weather information exchange:
WXXM is a general standard weather information model that was initially developed for aviation and is now and international standard of the WMO.
ASHRAE SCP201P is a building/facility information model standard focused on loads; it includes a weather model based on WXXM with minor extensions.
IEC and IEC include weather information modes for data from towers at power plants, substations, and DER. There are active efforts to include additional forecast related information into the weather models of IEC , and there is an IEC TC57 Joint Task Group on Weather UCs including WG10, WG17, and JWG25. One of the current activities is the extension of IEC schedules (IEC/TR ) to be able to carry weather forecast information to DER plants and systems.
Coordinate development of UCs with inputs from a wide range of industries
including Renewable/DER, distribution utilities, ISO/RTO markets, and forecasters
These weather information standards efforts are to a large extend uncoordinated and are in need of Smart Grid UCs to ensure coverage and interoperability for a wide range of Smart Grid weather and forecast information exchange requirements to support Smart Grid applications.

42. PAP-22: EV Fueling Submetering Requirements
Separate metering of Personal Electric Vehicle loads
Tracking of PEV electrical consumption for credits
Utility monitoring PEV loads for predictive analysis
Requirements and standards needed to specify:
Accuracy, performance, security
Utility revenue grade billing data & 3rd party billing
Data formats and certification
PAP-22 will compile the core requirements for sub metering as they apply to form factor, accuracy, performance, security, data format, and certification for embedded, portable and stationary applications.
The primary focus of this effort is to define the requirements, identify gaps and coordinate with the SDO’s to develop standards for sub metering of EV electricity fuel consumption. Though submetering requirements are common to many end-uses, there is an immediate need to address EV specific requirements.

43. Many Utility Functions Benefit from SGIP Membership
C-Level Executives
Operations
Planning & Management
Engineering
Procurement
Marketing
Customer Service
ICT
Regulatory Relations
Program Management
Many Utility Functions Benefit from SGIP Membership
It isn't just about technology decisions, either. By connecting you, in collaborative efforts, with experts from multiple disciplines and multiple vendors, this convenient access to information is invaluable to help decision-making at all levels within the company.
Your planning teams need insight into technology trends and the life-cycle of the underlying standards that enable interoperable solutions.
Standards that enable a more reliable and resilient smarter electrical grid is important to many different departments within your company.
By working with Regulatory Thought Leaders in a public and collaborative forum you gain insight into their concerns, and build or maintain critical relationships that can positively impact your future utility acquisitions.
Having access to the latest in utility-related IT and Cybersecurity expertise and technology information enables your IT department to provide more innovative, more robust, and more secure services to your company, and your customers.

44. For More Information
Contact: Susan Hoyler: Visit Talk to us today!