1. Tutorial of Unix Command & shell scriptS 5027
Professor: Dr. Shu-Ching Chen
TA: Hsin-Yu Ha

2. Outline
Log in
Unix Basic Commands
Shell script

3. Outline
Log in
Unix Basic Commands
Shell script

4. How to log in
Download putty from download.html
PuTTY is a free implementation of Telnet and SSH for Windows and Unix platforms

5. Connect to the server
The host is margay.cs.fiu.edu 1 2 3 4

6. Log in / Account information
Login as : Your FIU username
Password : Your first initial + PantherID + Your last initial
For exmaple, Steven Jackson with PID
should have password s j

7. Outline
Log in
Unix Basic Commands
Shell script

8. Commands about Files (1)
ls : list the contents of your current directory.
Format
Options
-a : list all the files include the hidden ones
-l : list not only the files name but also the related info
-t : list the contents by modified date
ls [option] [directory][file]

9. Commands about Files (2)
File permission
Field1 : A set of ten permission flags
Field2 : link count
Field3 : owner of the file
Field4 : associated group of the file
Field5 : size
Field 6-8 : Last modification date
Field9 : file name

10. Commands about Files (3)
chmod : change the permission flags of the files
Format
Example
chmod g+w myfile
chmod g-rw myfile
chmod u=rw go= myfile
chmod –R g+rw myfile
chmod [option] [types][+/-][types of permission] filename

11. Commands about Files (4)
pwd : print out the current working directory
cd : change directory
cd . (.) means the current directory
C (..) means the parent of current directory
Cd cd with no argument will return you to your home directory
cd .
cd .. cd
Use the commands cd, ls and pwd to explore the file system.

12. Commands about Files (5)
cp : copy files
Format
Options
-i : It can be used to avoid overwriting the original file
-r : Copy the folder and all the files and subfolders under it.
mv : move a file from one place to another or rename a file.
cp [option] File1 File2
mv File1 File2

13. Commands about Files (6)
mkdir : making directory
Format
rm : remove files or directories
Option
-i : ask before actually delete
-r : delete the folders and all the files and subfolders under it
mkdir Directory_name
rm [option] file1 file2 file3…

14. Commands about Files (7)
test : A command in Unix that evaluates conditional expressions.
Format or
The functions will return true if the object exist or the condition specified is true.
File functions
-d Filename : Filename is a directory
-s Filename : Filename has a size greater than 0
-f Filename : Filename is a regular file
test expression
[ expression ]

15. Commands about File’s contents (1)
cat : display the contents of a file on the screen
Format
head : display the first ten lines of a file to the screen
tail : display the last ten lines of a file to the screen
cat file1
head –n file1
tail –n file1

17. Commands about File’s contents (2)
wc : word count
Format
Options
-w : find out how many words the file has
-l : find out how many lines the file has
wc [options] file

18. Commands about File’s contents (3)
grep : It searches files for the specified words or patterns.
Format:
Options:
-c : Display the number of columns which satisfied the pattern.
-i : Ignore case distinctions in both the PATTERN
and the input files.
-v : Invert the sense of matching, to select non-matching lines.
grep [options] [pattern] file

19. Pipe : It cause the execution of multiple processes from one single line
A | B | C

20. Commands about File’s contents (4)
Redirection
> and >> can be used on the output of most commands to direct their output to a file.
Examples

21. Commands about Text processing (1)
sort : sort lines of a text file or files
Default : sort without any option will sort the file alphabetically
Format
uniq : remove duplicate adjacent lines from sorted file.
sort [option] file

23. Commands about Text processing (2)
sed: One ultimate stream editor
Detail Tutorial :
Important function -> Substitution
Format :
sed 's/term1/term2/g‘ filename

24. Commands about Text processing (3)
cut : extract sections from each line of a file.
Format
Option
-c : character
-f : field
-d “:” : delimiter (default is a tab)
Range
N-M N- -M
cut [options] [range] filename

26. Outline
Log in
Unix Basic Commands
Shell script

27. Shell script intro (1)
Scripts are collections of commands that are stored in a file.
Detail Tutorial
Basic Vi commands
vim filename
i : switch to the editing(insert) mode
Esc +:q! Leave the vim program without saving the file
Esc +:w Save the file
Esc +:wq Save the file and leave the vim program

28. Shell script intro (2) First shell script
Note that to make a file executable, you must set the eXecutable bit, and for a shell script, the Readable bit must also be set.

29. Shell script intro (3)
Variable

30. Shell script intro (4)
IF LOOP

31. Shell script intro (5)
For Loop

32. Shell Script Intro (6)
Useful concept
$( commands)