1. Hadamard Transform Imaging
Paul Holcomb
Tasha Nalywajko
Melissa Walden

2. Problem Definition
Current 3D imaging systems for brain surgery are too slow and possess too low of a resolution to be effective in an operating room setting
*Cannot distinguish the tumor margin with MRI imaging

3. Tumor types Benign tumor Primary malignant Secondary malignant
Images:

4. Why is this important? 71% mortality rate for diagnosed brain tumors
Correlation between complete resectioning of tumors and improved prognosis
Complete resectioning requires knowing the location of the tumor, especially tumor margins
Imaging in a clinical setting should be fast
Operating room billed by the quarter- or half hour

5. Cost/Benefit Analysis
Treatment costs:
OR cost: $10K - $15K per surgery (depending on length)
ICU: $1963/24 hrs
Floor: $779/24 hrs
Chemotherapy: $__/treatment
Radiation therapy: $__/treatment
Cost Reduction:
Shorter surgeries
Less time in hospital (ICU or floor)
Less post-surgical treatment required

6. Design Criteria Must produce an image in real time
Must accurately reproduce area of interest in the brain
Must distinguish healthy versus tumor tissue
Must be small enough to be usable in an operating room setting
Must interface with operating microscope

7. Design Objective
Construct imaging system using digital micro-mirror device and Hadamard transform for use with operating microscope in a clinical setting

8. System Design Hadamard Transform Decreased imaging time Increased SNR
Hadamard Matrix Definition
Inverse Hadamard Transform
Digital Micro-mirror Device
Allows use of Hadamard Transform

9. Fourier vs. Hadamard Imaging
SNR Increase with Hadamard: √n
SNR Increase with S-Matrix: (√n)/2
Wuttig and Riesenburg, “Sensitive Hadamard Transform Imaging Spectrometer”

10. Illuminate sample with white light Collect reflected light
System Diagram
Illuminate sample with white light
Collect reflected light

11. Decrease image size to fit within 512 x 512 matrix
System Diagram
Decrease image size to fit within 512 x 512 matrix
Magnification:~0.4

12. Apply Hadamard matrix using DMD Compress image to 160um line
System Diagram
Apply Hadamard matrix using DMD
Compress image to 160um line 1 -1 1 -1

13. Apply inverse Hadamard transform using computer
System Diagram
Disperse light spectrally using spectrograph and collect image using CCD camera
Apply inverse Hadamard transform using computer X Y
Spectrum

14. System Output

15. Design Timeline
March: Finish compression system; insert, align, and test
spectrograph; test system using reflectance
standard to determine SNR
April: Test system using normal and tumor tissue
samples and present findings at Senior Design Day,
resubmit NCIIA grant proposal