1. University of Michigan
The Geography of Diversity: Melting Pots, The New Sunbelt & The Heartland
William H. Frey
Milken Institute &
University of Michigan

2. Fastest Growing,
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

3. Selected New Sunbelt and Old Sunbelt States
Growth 1980s and 1990s
Nevada
Colorado
Georgia 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Florida
80s
Texas
90s
California
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

4. Immigrant Magnet States
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

5. New Sunbelt, Immigrant Magnet,
and Heartland States
New Sunbelt
Immigrant Magnets
Heartland States
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

6. Demographic Components, 1990s
California
New York
Texas
Immigration
Domestic Migration
Natural Increase
Source: William Frey. University of Michigan & Milken Institute

7. Demographic Components, 1990s
Colorado
Georgia
Pennsylvania
Immigration
Domestic Migration
Natural Increase
Source: William Frey. University of Michigan & Milken Institute

8. Share of U.S. in 6 Immigrant Magnet States
Foreign Born %
Asian Language at Home 64%
Spanish at Home %
Mixed Marriages %
Native Born %
English at Home %
Source: William Frey. University of Michigan & Milken Institute

9. 10 “Classic” Immigrant Magnet Metros
Immigrants
1. New York ,408,543
2. Los Angeles ,257,925
3. San Francisco ,189
4. Miami ,488
5. Chicago ,662
6. Washington ,175
7. Houston ,262
8. Dallas-Fort ,500
9. San Diego ,691
10. Boston ,634
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

10. Domestic Migrant Magnet Metros
Net Migration
1. Atlanta ,283
2. Phoenix ,092
3. Las Vegas ,331
4. Dallas ,611
5. Denver ,658
6. Portland, OR ,896
7. Austin ,817
8. Orlando ,120
9. Tampa ,209
10. Charlotte ,320
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

11. 10 “Classic” Immigrant Magnet Metros
Are Home to
30% of
Total Population
65% of
1990s Immigration
54% of
Hispanic Population
57% of
Asian Population
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

12. Hispanic Concentration 2000
Biotechnology and biomedicine are likely to be important Microsystems application areas.
Biotechnology and biomedicine may mean to the first half of the 21st century what electronics and computers meant to the second half of the 20th century.
The Southwest has several key biotech clusters. Albuquerque has the largest biotechnology cluster output in the region with a concentration more than three times the national average.
Boulder’s biotechnology concentration is four times greater than the national average.
Salt Lake City’s biotechnology industry has experienced rapid growth.
Other metros with strong growth include Provo-Orem, Tucson, Fort Collins, and Yuma.
Source: William H Frey, Milken Institute

13. 1990 - 2000 Greatest Hispanic Gainers
1. Los Angeles 1,819,370
2. New York ,185
3. Chicago ,810
4. Dallas 594,836
5. Houston 575,098
6. Miami 501,543
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

14. Up- and Coming Hispanic Growth Magnets
2000 Populations > 50,000
% Growth
1. Greensboro 694
2. Charlotte 622
3. Raleigh 569
4. Atlanta 362
5. Las Vegas 262
6. Portland, OR 175
7. Orlando 170
8. Minn. -St. Paul 162
9. Reno 145
10. Grand Rapids 136
11. Salt Lake City 133
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

15. Hispanic Groups
2000
Source: William H. Frey

16. Largest Hispanic Groups
(in 1000s)
Mexican ,640
Puerto Rican 3,406
Cuban 1,242
Dominican 765
Spanish 686
Salvadoran 655
Colombian 471
Guatemalan 373
Ecuadorian 261
Peruvian 234
Source: William H. Frey

17. Hispanics - % by State 1990 2000 California 34 % 31 % Texas 19 % 19 %
California 34 % 31 %
Texas 19 % 19 %
New York 10 % 8 %
Florida 7 % 8 %
Illinois 4 % 4 %
New Jersey 3 % 3 %
Arizona 3 % 4 %
Source: William H. Frey

18. Mexicans - % by State 1990 2000 California 45 % 41 % Texas 29 % 25 %
California 45 % 41 %
Texas 29 % 25 %
Illinois 5 % 6 %
Arizona 5 % 5 %
New Mexico 2 % 2 %
Colorado 2 % 2 %
Source: William H. Frey

19. Puerto Ricans - % by State
New York 40 % 31 %
New Jersey 12 % 11 %
Florida 9 % 14 %
Massachusetts 6 % 6 %
Pennsylvania 5 % 7 %
Connecticut 5 % 6 %
Illinois 5 % 5 %
California 5 % 4 %
Source: William H. Frey

20. Cubans - % by State 1990 2000 Florida 65 % 67 % New Jersey 8 % 6 %
Florida 65 % 67 %
New Jersey 8 % 6 %
New York 7 % 5 %
California 7 % 6 %
Source: William H. Frey

21. Hispanics by Race, 2000 47.9% 2.0% 1.2% 0.3% 0.1% 42.2% 6.3%
Source: William H. Frey

22. Hispanics by Race
California
New York
Florida
Source: William H. Frey

23. Largest Hispanic Black Populations
New York 231,577
Los Angeles 44,834
Miami 38,073
Philadelphia 23,901
Boston 22,269
Washington 19,927
Chicago 19,903
San Francisco 14,196
Houston 10,805
Atlanta 10,307
Source: William H. Frey

24. New York Metro Segregation by Race
Hisp. White 61
Hisp. Black 82
Hisp. Other 76
Hisp. 2+Race 72
NonHisp. Black 84
Source: Frey, Myers

25. LA Metro -Segregation by Race
Hisp.White 60
Hisp.Black 67
Hisp.Other 69
Hisp. 2+Race 60
NonHisp. Black 71
Source: Frey, Myers

26. Source: William H Frey, Milken Institute
Asian Concentration 2000
Biotechnology and biomedicine are likely to be important Microsystems application areas.
Biotechnology and biomedicine may mean to the first half of the 21st century what electronics and computers meant to the second half of the 20th century.
The Southwest has several key biotech clusters. Albuquerque has the largest biotechnology cluster output in the region with a concentration more than three times the national average.
Boulder’s biotechnology concentration is four times greater than the national average.
Salt Lake City’s biotechnology industry has experienced rapid growth.
Other metros with strong growth include Provo-Orem, Tucson, Fort Collins, and Yuma.
Source: William H Frey, Milken Institute

27. 1990 – 2000 Greatest Asian Gainers
1. New York 710,809
2. Los Angeles 611,201
3. San Francisco 554,326
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

28. Up- and Coming Asian Growth Magnets
2000 Populations > 50,000
% Growth
1. Las Vegas 286
2. Atlanta 200
3. Austin 175
4 . Orlando 171
5. Tampa 149
6. Phoenix 149
7. Dallas 133
8. Portland OR 119
9. Minn. - St. Paul 118
10. Denver 115
11.Miami 113
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

29. Source: William H Frey, Milken Institute
Black Concentration 2000
Biotechnology and biomedicine are likely to be important Microsystems application areas.
Biotechnology and biomedicine may mean to the first half of the 21st century what electronics and computers meant to the second half of the 20th century.
The Southwest has several key biotech clusters. Albuquerque has the largest biotechnology cluster output in the region with a concentration more than three times the national average.
Boulder’s biotechnology concentration is four times greater than the national average.
Salt Lake City’s biotechnology industry has experienced rapid growth.
Other metros with strong growth include Provo-Orem, Tucson, Fort Collins, and Yuma.
Source: William H Frey, Milken Institute

30. 1990 - 2000 Greatest Black Gainers
1. Atlanta 459,582
2. New York 450,725
3. Washington DC 358,727
4. Miami 241,492
5. Chicago 181,101
6. Dallas 176,293
7. Philadelphia 162,932
8. Houston 142,304
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

31. 1990 - 2000 Major Black Growth Centers
(Over 200,000 blacks and 30% growth)
% Growth
1. Orlando 62.2
2. Atlanta 61.9
3. Miami 43.4
4. Tampa 36.8
5. Charlotte 34.7
6. Columbus, OH 34.6
7. Jacksonville, FL 34.3
8. Boston 33.8
9. Raleigh 33.1
10. Dallas
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

32. Declines in Black Segregation 1980 - 2000
Seg Index Decline
Atlanta
Dallas
Houston
Charlotte
Raleigh
Orlando
Tampa
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

33. Blacks Out-number Hispanic in the South
Both group comprise less than 5% of state population
Ratio GT 4:1
Ratio LT 4:1
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

34. Source: William H Frey, Milken Institute
White Concentration 2000
Biotechnology and biomedicine are likely to be important Microsystems application areas.
Biotechnology and biomedicine may mean to the first half of the 21st century what electronics and computers meant to the second half of the 20th century.
The Southwest has several key biotech clusters. Albuquerque has the largest biotechnology cluster output in the region with a concentration more than three times the national average.
Boulder’s biotechnology concentration is four times greater than the national average.
Salt Lake City’s biotechnology industry has experienced rapid growth.
Other metros with strong growth include Provo-Orem, Tucson, Fort Collins, and Yuma.
Source: William H Frey, Milken Institute

35. 1990 - 2000 Greatest White Gainers
1. Phoenix 434,195
2. Atlanta 359,299
3. Las Vegas 326,145
4. Denver 278,445
5. Dallas 255,208
6. Portland OR 230,535
7. Seattle 199,172
8. Minn.St. Paul 191,127
9. Austin 187,426
10. Raleigh 171,168
11. Charlotte 162,258
12. Nashville 146,615
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

36. 1990 - 2000 Greatest White Decliners
1. Los Angeles
2. New York -679,790
3. San Francisco -269,844
4. Philadelphia -199,359
5. Miami -118,506
6. Chicago -93,794
7. San Diego -84,448
8. Pittsburgh -81,900
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

37. White Growth -- Region Metro Size
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

38. City, Suburb, Nonmetro Residence, 2000
White
Non-White
City
Suburb
Non Metro
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

39. City, Suburb, Nonmetro Residence, 2000
Hispanic
Asian
Black
City
Suburb
Non Metro
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

40. America’s Patchwork Quilt
Biotechnology and biomedicine are likely to be important Microsystems application areas.
Biotechnology and biomedicine may mean to the first half of the 21st century what electronics and computers meant to the second half of the 20th century.
The Southwest has several key biotech clusters. Albuquerque has the largest biotechnology cluster output in the region with a concentration more than three times the national average.
Boulder’s biotechnology concentration is four times greater than the national average.
Salt Lake City’s biotechnology industry has experienced rapid growth.
Other metros with strong growth include Provo-Orem, Tucson, Fort Collins, and Yuma.
Source: William H Frey, Milken Institute

41. California Largest Ethnic Minorities (1,000s)
Mexican 8,731
Black 2,060
Chinese
Filipino
Vietnamese
Salvadoran
Asian Indian
Korean
American Indian
Source: William Frey. University of Michigan & Milken Institute

42. Florida Largest Ethnic Minorities (1,000s)
Black 2,329
Cuban
Puerto Rican
Mexican
Columbian
Nicaraguan
Honduran
Dominican
Asian Indian
Source: William Frey. University of Michigan & Milken Institute

43. New York Largest Ethnic Minorities (1,000s)
Black 2,793
Puerto Rican 1,055
Dominican
Chinese
Asian Indian
Mexican
Korean
Ecuadorian
Columbian
Source: William Frey. University of Michigan & Milken Institute

44. Texas Largest Ethnic Minorities (1,000s)
Mexican 5,696
Black 2,142
Vietamese
Asian Indian
American Indian
Salvadoran
Chinese
Puerto Rican
Filipino
Source: William Frey. University of Michigan & Milken Institute

45. Foreign Born, 2000

46. Born in Other State, 2000

47. Born in Same State, 2000

48. 1900-2000 California Transplants U.S. vs. Foreign Origin
Foreign Born
U.S. Born – Out of State
Source: William Frey. University of Michigan & Milken Institute

49. Cities with Highest Percentage who Speak Spanish at Home
1. Santa Ana, CA 74%
2. El Paso, TX 70%
3. Miami, Fl 66%
4. Anaheim, CA 43%
5. Los Angeles, CA 42%
6. San Antonio, TX 42%
7. Houston, TX 36%
8. Riverside, CA 33%
9. Dallas, TX 33%
10. Tucson, AZ 29%
11. Fresno, CA 29%
12. Phoenix, AZ 28%
13. Fort Worth, TX 28%
14. Newark, NJ 27%
15. New York, NY 25%
16. Long Beach, CA 25%
Source: William H. Frey

50. Children Speaking Spanish at Home
Under 5%
5% to 10%
10% to 20%
20% and Over
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

51. Hispanics as Percent of Population: Children and Adults, 2000
Source: William H. Frey
* Children age ; adults aged 18 and over

52. Percent Speaking Spanish at Home: Children and Adults * 1990 and 2000
Source: William H. Frey
* Children age ; adults aged 18 and over

53. English Proficiency among Spanish Speaker * 2000
Source: William H. Frey
* Children age ; adults aged 18 and over

54. Education Attainment by Race Los Angeles Metro
Age
Less than
High School
HS Grad
Some College
College Grads
White
Black
Asian
Hispanic
Source: William Frey. Milken Institute

55. Hispanic Education Attainment Los Angeles
Age
Native Born
Arrived Before 1980
Arrived Since 1980
Less than
High School
HS Grad
Some College
College Grads
Source: William Frey. Milken Institute

56. Race Profiles for Occupations Los Angeles
Professional
& Mgrs
Clerical & Sales
Skilled Blue Collar
Unskilled & Services
Black
Indian
Hispanic
White
Asian
Source: William Frey. Milken Institute

57. Gains by Race, 1990-2000 Whites Blacks Asians Hispanics
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

58. Metro Area Categories:
Melting Pots
(eg. LA, NY, Miami)
North-Largely White-Black
(eg. Detroit, Cleveland)
North-Largely White
( eg. Pittsburgh, Minn-St Paul)
South-Largely White Black
(eg. Atlanta, Raleigh)
South & West - Largely White
(eg. Seattle, Denver, Tampa)

59. City Race Compositions, 2000
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

60. City Growth by Household Type
Source: William H. Frey

61. “Ozzie and Harriet” Cities
% Marrd Couples w/chld
1. Santa Ana, CA 42
2. Anaheim, CA 32
3. San Jose, CA 30
4. El Paso, TX 30
5. Virginia Beach, VA 29
6. Riverside, CA 28
7. Arlington, TX 28
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

62. Trends in Minority Suburbanization
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

63. Suburb Race Compositions, 2000
Source: William H. Frey, analysis of 2000 Census

64. Large City Segregation, 2000
Black-White
Chicago, Il 87
Aurora, CO 33
Hispanic-White
Oakland,CA 70
Jacksonville, FL 25
Asian-White
New Orleans 64
Anaheim CA 20
Source: Frey, Myers

65. Black White Segregation Metro Areas, 2000
Source: Frey, Myers

66. Black White Mixed Race Persons Metro Segregation, 2000
Source: Frey, Myers

67. Cities with Highest Hispanic Segregation
Oakland 71
New York 70
Philadelphia 67
Los Angeles 67
Dallas 65
Winston-Salem 65
Atlanta 65
Durham 64
Grand Rapids 62
Long Beach 62
Source: Frey, Myers

68. Metro Area with Highest Hispanic Segregation
Reading, PA 73
Providence, RI 71
New York, NY 69
Springfield, MA 68
Newark, NJ 66
Hartford, CT 66
Chicago, IL 65
Lancaster, PA 65
Los Angeles, CA 64
Allentown, PA 64
Source: Frey, Myers

69. Neighborhood Exposure to Race-Ethnic Groups, US - Metro Areas Population, 2000
Source: Frey, Myers

70. Neighborhood Exposure to Race-Ethnic Groups, New York City, 2000
Source: Frey, Myers

71. Neighborhood Exposure to Race-Ethnic Groups, Los Angeles, 2000
Source: Frey, Myers

72. Age Structure by Race-Ethnicity
Los Angeles – 2025
Age Structure by Race-Ethnicity

73. Age Structure by Race-Ethnicity
Detroit – 2025
Age Structure by Race-Ethnicity

74. Useful Websites www.census.gov www.ssdan.net www.CensusScope.org