1. Preview: What is Social Hierarchy?
In your notebook, Create a Social Hierarchy Pyramid based on life in America today. Who is at the top? Why?

2. Aryans Transform India
Inquiry Questions: Who were the Aryans? What are the main features of their society?
Section 3
Aryans Transform India
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3. Cornell Note-Taking System
Questions answered
by Notes:
Notes:
Summarize the main ideas in two or three sentences.

4. Aryans Transform India
2000 BC decline of the Harappan Civilization
Arrival of invaders from the North
Aryans – tribal herdsmen, nomadic warriors
Wanted to maintain order – had a strict organization of society

5. The Aryans
As nomads, the Aryans took along their herds of animals as they moved.
Unlike the Harappans, the Aryans built no cities.
They lived in small communities based on family ties.
Their community leader was called a raja.

6. Evidence of Aryan Culture
Almost no archaeological record, no artifacts
Sacred literature – the Vedas left a picture of Aryan life.
Vedas –prayers, instructions for rituals, hymns, books
Rig Veda – oldest book in the world

7. Sanskrit What is Sanskrit? (check your book Chapter 3)
*The Aryans wrote their poems and hymns in Sanskrit.
Aryans kept records in Sanskrit and today we are able to know much about their history.
Sanskrit is no longer spoken. Only a few priests know this ancient language.

8. The Aryans Transform India
Questions answered
by Notes:
Notes:
Arrived from the North during the decline of Harappan Civilization.
Tribal herdsmen and nomadic warriors
Wanted to maintain order – had a strict organization of society
Had sacred literature – the Vedas a collection of prayers that left a picture of Aryan life.
Rig Veda – oldest book in the world
Who are the Aryans?
Where did they come from?
What was their society like?
Summarize the main ideas in two or three sentences.
The Aryan people were nomadic herdsmen who brought their sacred beliefs and a strictly ordered society to the land of India.

9. The Caste System
The Caste System began in India after the Aryans invaded and established their own rules for governing the society. 
The Aryans did not permit marriages between their own people and people of the cultures they conquered.
This was very different from the Romans, who encouraged the people they conquered and the soldiers to marry.

10. From 1000 to 500 BC, four classes of people emerged in India.
The Caste System
The caste system, then, was based upon idea that people are different, so they should have different roles.
From 1000 to 500 BC, four classes of people emerged in India. 
Really there are 5 groups, however the untouchables are considered so low that they aren’t even counted.

11. Primary Source Analysis
Task – with a partner read the Rig Veda on the Origins of the Varnas
Answer the questions that follow.
Complete the graphic organizer that represents the different positions in Aryan society

12. Varna WHO IS… The mouth? The arms? The legs? The feet? Brahmins
Kshatriyas
Vaishyas
Shudras

13. Exit Slip: Main Idea / Why it matters Now