1. 9/14 Today/ tomorrow key questions:
What caused the colonies to revolt from Great Britain?
What RIGHTS did the colonists believe were being violated in the 1760s/70s?
Timeline- STUFFY BALL!!!!
AND VIDEO…

2. VIDEO:
As we “fast forward”, what are some of the developments mentioned in the video that occur in the colonies from the beginnings at Jamestown and Plymouth to the 1760s?

4. COLONIAL RIGHTS: “Natural rights” to: 5. No standing armies
Life & Liberty- you are free to live your life and better yourself as long as no-one else’s rights are violated
Property
Trial by jury of peers
4. Popular sovereignty- power to rule is with people. Only elected representatives of the people have the right to make laws or tax
5. No standing armies
6. Government needs probable cause to search your person or property
7. Right to bear arms

5. French and Indian War
Colonists fight with British and win….

6. After French and Indian War- England faces problems…
British debt is doubled
Territory under its control is expanded
Bigger army needed
Pontiac’s Rebellion- Natives in Ohio River Valley rebelling
George Grenville (Prime
Minister)-
What should Britain do?

7. Proclamation of 1763
Colonists barred from moving into area west of the Appalachians so peace will be kept with Natives
WHAT RIGHTS OF COLONISTS
ARE BEING THREATENED?

8. COLONIAL RIGHTS: “Natural rights” to: 5. No standing armies
Life & Liberty- you are free to live your life and better yourself as long as no-one else’s rights are violated
Property
Trial by jury of peers
4. Popular sovereignty- power to rule is with people. Only elected representatives of the people have the right to make laws or tax
5. No standing armies
6. Government needs probable cause to search your person or property
7. Right to bear arms

9. George Grenville- Prime Minister
Decides to tax colonies
Sugar Act- 1764
Purpose: tax on imported
molasses
Effect: tougher
enforcement of colonial
smuggling

10. Sugar Act- 1764 WHAT RIGHTS OF COLONISTS ARE BEING THREATENED?
Purpose: tax on imported molasses
Effect: tougher enforcement of colonial smuggling
Parliament places a tax on molasses and duties (taxes) on some imported goods.
“writs of assistance” are issued to British agents- these are general search warrants empowering agents to search for smuggled goods
Prosecutors try smuggling cases in “vice-admiralty” courts, not colonial courts
WHAT RIGHTS OF COLONISTS ARE BEING THREATENED?

11. COLONIAL RIGHTS: “Natural rights” to: 5. No standing armies
Life & Liberty- you are free to live your life and better yourself as long as no-one else’s rights are violated
Property
Trial by jury of peers
4. Popular sovereignty- power to rule is with people. Only elected representatives of the people have the right to make laws or tax
5. No standing armies
6. Government needs probable cause to search your person or property
7. Right to bear arms

12. Stamp Act- 1765 Purpose: taxes legal documents Effects in colonies
Wills, diplomas, marriage papers, playing cards, newspapers
1st INTERNAL TAX
Effects in colonies
Riots
Fires
Tar and feathering
Organized boycotts

13. STAMP ACT- 1765
Parliament passes a tax on colonists must pay on legal documents, licenses, newspapers, pamphlets, almanacs, playing cards, dice….
Colonists who disobeyed tried in a vice-admiralty court
WHAT RIGHTS OF COLONISTS ARE BEING THREATENED?

14. Organized resistance Patriots- opposed to taxes
Sons of Liberty harass and threaten tax collectors, forcing them to resign
SAM ADAMS
Colonial assemblies pass resolutions against “taxation without representation”
Merchants boycott British imports
Some violent intimidation

15. Sons of Liberty-Violent resistance
August stamp collectors office torn down; house damaged
October Governor Hutchinson’s house burnt down

16. “No taxation without Representation”
Colonists’ argument
“No taxation without Representation”
Parliament can’t tax the colonists because the colonists don’t vote for them

17. Intimidation works
By the end of 1765, no one will sign up to be a stamp collector

18. Daughters of Liberty
No British textiles: women make
“homespun”

19. Success 1766- Parliament repeals Stamp Act BUT….
Also passes “Declaratory Act”
States that Parliament DOES have the right to tax the colonies….

20. STAMP ACT- 1765
Parliament passes a tax on colonists must pay on legal documents, licenses, newspapers, pamphlets, almanacs, playing cards, dice….
Colonists who disobeyed tried in a vice-admiralty court
WHAT RIGHTS OF COLONISTS ARE BEING THREATENED?

21. COLONIAL RIGHTS: “Natural rights” to: 5. No standing armies
Life & Liberty- you are free to live your life and better yourself as long as no-one else’s rights are violated
Property
Trial by jury of peers
4. Popular sovereignty- power to rule is with people. Only elected representatives of the people have the right to make laws or tax
5. No standing armies
6. Government needs probable cause to search your person or property
7. Right to bear arms

22. DECLARATORY ACT 1766
Parliament repeals Stamp Act, but states it has the right to pass laws “to bind the colonies and people of America in all cases whatsoever”
WHAT RIGHTS OF COLONISTS ARE BEING THREATENED?

23. COLONIAL RIGHTS: “Natural rights” to: 5. No standing armies
Life & Liberty- you are free to live your life and better yourself as long as no-one else’s rights are violated
Property
Trial by jury of peers
4. Popular sovereignty- power to rule is with people. Only elected representatives of the people have the right to make laws or tax
5. No standing armies
6. Government needs probable cause to search your person or property
7. Right to bear arms

24. Townshend Acts- 1767
Purpose: tax goods like lead, glass, paint, paper, tea, wine
Writs of assistance: officers could inspect any ship without reason
Effects:
Non-importation agreements- Colonists BOYCOTT British goods
WHAT RIGHTS OF COLONISTS ARE BEING THREATENED?

25. COLONIAL RIGHTS: “Natural rights” to: 5. No standing armies
Life & Liberty- you are free to live your life and better yourself as long as no-one else’s rights are violated
Property
Trial by jury of peers
4. Popular sovereignty- power to rule is with people. Only elected representatives of the people have the right to make laws or tax
5. No standing armies
6. Government needs probable cause to search your person or property
7. Right to bear arms

26. RESPONSE OF COLONISTS:
Call for another boycott
Colonial women give up luxuries and have spinning bees to create own clothes, make own tea
Resistance to laws in Boston leads to occupation of city by British troops in 1768….
Boston Massacre: 1770

27. TEA ACT 1773 Parliament repeals taxes on all but tea
Gives British East India Company a monopoly, cutting American merchants out
(helps B. E. I. C. get rid of surplus; undercuts price of smuggled tea)
WHAT RIGHTS OF COLONISTS ARE BEING THREATENED?

28. COLONIAL RIGHTS: “Natural rights” to: 5. No standing armies
Life & Liberty- you are free to live your life and better yourself as long as no-one else’s rights are violated
Property
Trial by jury of peers
4. Popular sovereignty- power to rule is with people. Only elected representatives of the people have the right to make laws or tax
5. No standing armies
6. Government needs probable cause to search your person or property
7. Right to bear arms

29. RESPONSE OF COLONISTS:
BOSTON TEA PARTY: Sons of Liberty, dressed as Natives, dump tea into Boston

30. INTOLERABLE ACTS 1774 Boston Harbor shut down
Quartering Act- colonists had to provide
soldiers with housing and food
General Gage named governor of Massachusetts- Martial law is declared
Colonial Assemblies (governments) are not allowed to meet
WHAT RIGHTS OF COLONISTS ARE BEING THREATENED?

31. COLONIAL RIGHTS: “Natural rights” to: 5. No standing armies
Life & Liberty- you are free to live your life and better yourself as long as no-one else’s rights are violated
Property
Trial by jury of peers
4. Popular sovereignty- power to rule is with people. Only elected representatives of the people have the right to make laws or tax
5. No standing armies
6. Government needs probable cause to search your person or property
7. Right to bear arms

32. RESPONSE OF COLONISTS:
1ST Continental Congress meets in Philadelphia- 56 delegates from all colonies
Stand behind Massachusetts
Organize a colonial boycott of goods
Declare will defend themselves if necessary
Decide to meet in May 1775 if Intolerable Acts are not repealed

33. LEXINGTON AND CONCORD- APRIL 1775!!!
British troops go out to confiscate hidden arms and arrest Hancock and Sam Adams in Concord- pre-dawn, April 19, 1775
Militia forms at Lexington- first shots of Revolutionary War are fired, 7 colonists lay dead…..

34. North Bridge in Concord…
Militias from around Massachusetts gather in Concord, force British troops to retreat back to Boston….

35. Retreat to Boston
Massachusetts militia harass the troops all the way back to Boston…
73 British troops killed, 174 wounded
British surrounded in Boston by 15,000 militia
WHAT RIGHTS OF COLONISTS ARE BEING THREATENED?

36. COLONIAL RIGHTS: “Natural rights” to: 5. No standing armies
Life & Liberty- you are free to live your life and better yourself as long as no-one else’s rights are violated
Property
Trial by jury of peers
4. Popular sovereignty- power to rule is with people. Only elected representatives of the people have the right to make laws or tax
5. No standing armies
6. Government needs probable cause to search your person or property
7. Right to bear arms

37. Lexington and Concord colonists: 49 killed, 39 wounded
British: 73 killed, 174 wounded
British army surrounded by militia in Boston
2nd Continental Congress meets in Philadelphia May 1775
What to do?