1. Do Now
What is the difference between male and female sexual reproduction?

2. 15 The Male and Female Reproductive Systems
Lesson 15.1: Reproduction and Development of the Human Reproductive Systems Lesson 15.2: Male Reproductive System Anatomy and Physiology Lesson 15.3: Female Reproductive System Anatomy and Physiology Lesson 15.4: Fertilization, Pregnancy, and Birth Lesson 15.5: Disorders and Diseases of the Reproductive System

3. Reproduction and Development of the Human Reproductive Systems
Chapter 15: The Male and Female Reproductive Systems
Lesson 15.1
Reproduction and Development of the Human Reproductive Systems

4. Vocabulary
Centromere Chromatids Chromosomes Crossovers Diploid Haploid Fertilization FSH LH Gametes Meiosis Mitosis Menarche zygote

5. Reproduction and Development of the Human Reproductive Systems
mitosis versus meiosis
development and puberty

6. Reproduction chromosomes asexual reproduction sexual reproduction
made of DNA, contain genes
asexual reproduction
offspring are a clone of parent
sexual reproduction
a gamete from each parent combine to make a zygote (genetically unique individual)

7. Mitosis versus Meiosis

8. Mitosis versus Meiosis
one cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells
homologous chromosomes
chromosomes duplicate in interphase
stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
result
two cells, each with 46 chromosomes identical to the mother cell
chromosome number
diploid–two copies of each chromosome
normal body cells are diploid

9. Mitosis versus Meiosis

10. Mitosis versus Meiosis

11. Mitosis versus Meiosis

12. Mitosis versus Meiosis
produces gametes, or sex cells
stages
meiosis I–homologous chromosomes separate
meiosis II–sister chromatids separate
Result
haploid–one version of each chromosome
four haploid cells with 23 chromosomes each

13. Review Is genetic diversity possible in asexual reproduction?
Name an advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction.
How is a gamete different from normal human cells in the body?
What is the end result of mitosis?
Is a haploid cell associated with mitosis or meiosis?
What is the end result of meiosis?

14. Embryonic and Fetal Development
if SRY gene is present
(sex-determining region y)
7th week of development male sex organs begin development
Testes secrete testosterone
if SRY gene is not present
8th week of development female sex organs begin development
After birth, hormone levels decline rapidly
FSH/LH (follicle-stimulating/ hormone luteinizing hormone)
Reproductive organs remain nonfunctional

15. Puberty Stages of Life Final maturation of the reproductive system
Infancy (0-1), toddlerhood (1-3), early childhood (3-5), middle childhood (6-10), adolescence (11-19), early adulthood (20-39), middle adulthood (40-65), older adulthood (66>)
Final maturation of the reproductive system
Begins between 8-13 yrs female, 9-14 yrs males
Stimulus release of GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone)
Causes pituitary gland in the brain to produce FSH and LH
Testosterone/estrogen then produced

16. Puberty Adolescence-development of secondary sexual characteristics
females
1st phase-breast growth
Axillary/pubic hair
Pelvis width
Menarche 2 yrs later
Males
1st phase-growth of scrotum and testes
Size of larynx and length of vocal cords
By the end, mature sperm present

17. Review
Is the SRY gene associated with the development of males or females?
Elevated levels of which hormone initiate puberty: LH, FSH, or GnRH?
Name at least one secondary sex characteristic shared by males AND females.
Summarize the human growth and development cycle.

18. Independent Practice-30 mins
Lesson 15.1 Questions 1-12

19. Do Now
Match these words with 1–4 below: male, chromosomes, meiosis, puberty. 1. maturation of the reproductive system 2. if SRY gene is present 3. made of DNA, contain genes 4. gamete production

20. Male Reproductive System Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter 15: The Male and Female Reproductive Systems
Lesson 15.2
Male Reproductive System Anatomy and Physiology

21. Vocabulary
Bulbourethral glands Ductus deferens ejaculation Erection Gonads Penis Prostate gland Semen Seminal vesicles Seminiferous tubules sperm

22. Male Reproductive Anatomy

23. Male Reproductive Anatomy
scrotum and testes
sperm produced in testes
sperm mature in epididymis
penis
delivers sperm to female
contains erectile tissue

24. Male Reproductive Anatomy
ducts of the male reproductive system
ductus deferens
ejaculatory duct
accessory glands and semen
seminal glands
prostate gland
bulbourethral glands

25. Male Reproductive Physiology
sperm formation
spermatogenesis
begins at puberty
sexual response
erection
ejaculation

26. Review and Assessment
Fill in the blanks with: epididymis, spermatogenesis, testes, or penis.
1. Sperm formation is _______________.
2. The _______________ delivers sperm to the female.
3. Sperm mature in the _______________.
4. Sperm is produced in the _______________.

27. Female Reproductive System Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter 15: The Male and Female Reproductive Systems
Lesson 15.3
Female Reproductive System Anatomy and Physiology

28. Female Reproductive System Anatomy

29. Female Reproductive System Anatomy
the ovaries
oocyte
egg cell
ovulation
release of egg from the ovary

30. Female Reproductive System Anatomy
ducts of the female reproductive system
uterine tubes
connect ovary to uterus
uterus–womb
endometrium
cervix

31. Female Reproductive System Anatomy
vagina
birth canal
external genitalia
labia–majora and minora
clitoris
mammary glands
lactation

32. Oogenesis oocyte production process begins before birth primary oocyte
secondary oocyte
polar bodies

33. The Female Sexual Cycle
also known as the menstrual cycle
ovarian cycle
maturation and release of oocyte
the uterine cycle
uterus readies for implantation

34. The Ovarian Cycle the follicular phase the luteal phase
dominant primary follicle
pituitary gland releases FSH and LH
ovulation
the luteal phase
corpus luteum

35. The Uterine Cycle the menstrual phase the proliferative phase
endometrium breaks down and sheds
the proliferative phase
endometrium grows back
the secretory phase
endometrium prepares to nourish embryo

36. Female Sexual Response
stimulation
tactile
psychological
orgasm

37. Review and Assessment True or False? 1. The vagina is the birth canal.
2. Oogenesis makes sperm.
3. The ovary is also called the womb.
4. Oogenesis begins before birth.
5. Ovulation is release of sperm from the ovary.

38. Fertilization, Pregnancy, and Birth
Chapter 15: The Male and Female Reproductive Systems
Lesson 15.4
Fertilization, Pregnancy, and Birth

39. Fertilization, Pregnancy, and Birth
fertilization of the oocyte
pregnancy
childbirth
lactation

40. Fertilization of the Oocyte
the journey of the sperm
vagina, uterus, uterine tube
capacitation takes up to 10 hours
sperm penetration
zona pellucida
acrosomal enzymes

41. Fertilization of the Oocyte
protection against polyspermy
only one sperm is required for fertilization
more than one sperm causes death of oocyte
chemistry of the zona pellucida changes after sperm entry
completion of meiosis and fertilization
sperm entry causes completion of meiosis
Nejron Photo/Shutterstock.com

42. Pregnancy lasts approximately 265 days
from fertilization to implantation
development of the placenta, embryo, and fetus

43. From Fertilization to Implantation
cell stages
zygote
morula
blastocyst
implantation
blastocyst binds to endometrium

44. From Fertilization to Implantation

45. Development of Placenta, Embryo, and Fetus
after implantation to 8 weeks
placenta
organ that supplies nutrients to embryo and fetus
fetus
after 8 weeks of development

46. Childbirth parturition oxytocin stages of labor birth dilation
expulsion
delivery of placenta

47. Lactation production of breast milk activation of milk-producing cells
prolactin
delivery of milk through ducts to the nipple
oxytocin

48. Review and Assessment
Match these words with 1–4 below: dilation, prolactin, implantation, birth.
1. activation of milk producing cells
2. parturition
3. a stage of labor
4. blastocyst binds to endometrium

49. Disorders and Diseases of the Reproductive System
Chapter 15: The Male and Female Reproductive Systems
Lesson 15.5
Disorders and Diseases of the Reproductive System

50. Infertility male infertility female infertility low sperm count
erectile dysfunction
female infertility
failure to ovulate
inability of egg to reach uterine tube
lack of implantation

51. Infertility treatment for infertility in vitro fertilization
lifestyle changes
drugs to induce ovulation
surgery to correct anatomical issues
in vitro fertilization
oocyte and sperm combined outside mother’s body

52. Sexually Transmitted Diseases
viral
HIV and AIDS
genital herpes
human papillomavirus
bacterial
gonorrhea
chlamydia
pelvic inflammatory disease

53. Sexually Transmitted Diseases
detection and prevention
symptoms
genital discharge, sores, rash, burning during urination, and growths
prevention
condom, abstinence

54. Cancers of the Reproductive System
prostate cancer
PSA test
cancers of the female reproductive tract
uterine cancer
ovarian cancer
cervical cancer
breast cancer

55. Review and Assessment True or False?
1. Abstinence will prevent spread of STDs.
2. A virus causes AIDS.
3. A virus causes gonorrhea.
4. A bacterium causes genital herpes.
5. Genital discharge is a symptom of STDs.