1. Five Minute Madness: 30 Years in 30 Minutes
Benjamin Watson
Dept. Computer Science
Northwestern University

2. My four topics Shape representation Surface mappings
Shape manipulation
Non-photorealistic Rendering

3. Shape representation The problem: The solutions…
We need to make pictures of things.
How do we describe these things?
The solutions…

4. Points The idea: Critique: A whole bunch of 3D points.
Each with associated colors, normals.
We fill in the gaps with some “blurring”.
Critique:
With hierarchy, can render big things.
What about surface mappings?

5. Points: QSplat
Stanford: Rusinkiewicz & Levoy

6. Volumes The idea: Critique: The scene is a 3D image.
Pixels become voxels.
Critique:
Nice for medical data, transparency.
Data size huge: 1003 = one million!

7. Volumes: Univ. Stuttgart

8. Parametric surfaces The idea: Critique:
The scene is a collection of patches.
These patches are curved, continuous.
Manipulate the patches w/ control pts.
Critique:
Nice user control, no faceting, succinct.
Rendering has been slow, LOD control?

9. Parametrics: Erlangen, Pixar

10. Many Others… Implicit surfaces Constructive solid geometry
Nice for fluids
Constructive solid geometry
Used in engineering
Procedural modeling
Natural things: clouds, fire, plants

11. Surface mappings The problem: The solutions…
We need more detail on our shapes.
But our shapes are already complex.
The solutions…

12. Procedural mappings The idea: Critique: Like texture mapping, except:
The RGB value is f(u,v), not an image.
Critique:
Very succinct, new possibilities.
Until recently, no hardware support.
Hard to “model” procedures.

13. Procedural mappings: Perlin

14. Bump mapping The idea: Critique: A kind of procedural mapping
Adds fine “bumpiness” to the surface
Critique:
Works as advertised.
Until recently, no hardware support.

15. Bump mapping: NVidia

16. Many Others… Environment mapping Light mapping Surfels
Nice for mirrored surfaces
Light mapping
Cheat to get global illumination
Surfels
Add little bits of geometry to surface

17. Shape manipulation The problem: The solutions…
We need to adjust our shapes.
We don’t want to start modeling again.
The solutions…

18. Model simplification The idea: Critique: It should look the same, but…
It should have fewer primitives.
Critique:
In general, it works!
Only limited user control.
Surface mappings poorly handled.

19. Simplification: Northwestern

20. Many Others… 3D morphing Surface fitting
Like the 2D Michael Jackson effect, but.
Surface fitting
A 3D scan gives points, what is surface?

21. Non-photorealism The problem: The solutions… Who cares about reality.
Let’s make it look artificial.
The solutions…

22. Painterly approaches The idea: Critique:
Make the image look like it’s painted.
Critique:
Works well from image or model.
What about Picasso?
How interactive is it?

23. Painterly NPR

24. Sketching approaches The idea: Critique:
Make the image look like it’s drawn.
Critique:
Works well from image or model.
Can we add imperfection?

25. Sketching NPR

26. Toon approaches The idea: Critique:
Make the image look like it’s a cartoon.
Critique:
For games, hardware support is key.
Is it there?

27. Toon NPR