1. System analysis and design
Safaa s.y. dalloul

2. Project Management

3. Unit 2: project management
Introduction
Identifying Project Size
Project Estimation
Project Time Using the Planning Phase Approach
Creating and Managing the Work plan

4. Project Management
Project management is the process of planning and controlling the development of a system within a specified timeframe at a minimum cost with the right functionality.

5. Project Manager
A project manager has the primary responsibility for managing the hundreds of tasks and roles that need to be carefully coordinated.

6. Four key steps in managing projects
Identifying project size
Creating and managing the work-plan
Staffing the project
Coordinating project activities. “Standards List”

7. Staffing the Project and Putting a Work-Plan are not consider as a steps of managing project

8. Step one: Identifying Project Size
The science (or art) of project management is making trade-offs among important concepts
The size of the system (in terms of what it does).
The time complete the project (when the project will be finished).
The cost of the project.
Project Size
Project Cost
Project Time

9. Step one: Identifying Project Size
Modifying one element require adjusting the others
Therefore, in the beginning of the project the manager needs to estimate each of these levers and then continuously assess how to roll out the project in a way that meets the organization needs.
Project Size
Project Cost
Project Time

10. What do you think the sources of estimation?

11. Step one: Identifying Project Size
Project Estimation
The process of assigning projected values for time and effort
Sources of estimates
Methodology in use
Actual previous projects
Experienced developers

12. “Project Estimation designed before the system begins without changes in the future?

13. Step one: Identifying Project Size
Project Estimation
Estimates begin as a range and become more specific as the project progresses.
There are two basic ways to estimate the time required to build a system.
The first one using the time spent in planning in the planning phase.
The second called “function point approach”.

14. Step one: Identifying Project Size
Project Time Using the Planning Phase Approach

15. Step one: Identifying Project Size
Project Time Using the Planning Phase Approach
Industry standards suggest that a typical business application system spends.
15% of time in the planning phase and actual 4 person-months
20% of time in the analysis phase and estimated 5.33 person-months
35% of time in the design phase and estimated 9.33 person-months
30% of time in the implementation phase and estimated 8 person- months

16. Step two: Creating and Managing the work-plan
Once a project manager has a general idea of the size and approximate schedule for the project, he or she creates a work-plan, which is a dynamic schedule that records and keep track of all of the tasks that need to be accomplished over the course of the project.
To create a work-plan , the project manager
First identifies the tasks that need to be accomplished and determines how long they will take.
Then the tasks organized within a work-plan structure and represented graphically using Gantt and PERT diagrams.

17. Identifying Tasks
Project manager can list the tasks using one of the following two ways:
Based on methodology used in SDLC, as a standard list of tasks.
Using top-down approach by following three steps
Identify highest level tasks
Break them into increasingly smaller units
Organize into work breakdown structure.

18. The Project Work-plan All Tasks Duration of task Current task status
Task dependencies
Milestone ( dates )

19. Example Task Number Task Name Duration In Weeks Dependency Status 1
Identify vendors 2
Complete
Review training materials 6 3
Compare vendors
In Progress 4
Negotiate with vendors
Open

20. Gantt Chart
A Gantt chart is a horizontal bar chart that shows the same task information as the project work-plan, but in graphically way.
This chart is useful to monitor status at any point in time.

21. Gantt Chart

22. Another Style of Gant Chart

24. For more examples, see http://www.ganttchart.com/Examples.html .

25. PERT Chart
Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) is another graphical way to preview project tasks
Illustrate task dependencies and critical path.

26. PERT Chart

27. Another kind of PERT Chart
Observe the tasks (rectangles), the estimated task durations, the milestones (lozenges), the milestone deadlines, the task dependencies (edges), and the critical path.

28. And another

29. Step Three: Staffing the Project
Staffing the project includes determining how many people should be assigned to the project, matching people’s skills with need of the project, motivating them to meet the project’s objectives.
The deliverable for this part of project management is staffing plan, which describe the number and kinds of people who will work in the project.

30. Staffing Plan Staffing levels will change over a project’s lifetime
Adding staff may add more overhead than additional labor
Using teams of 8-10 reporting in a hierarchical structure can reduce complexity

31. Staffing Plan
The staffing plan describes the kinds of people working on the project
The project charter describes the project’s objectives and rules
A functional lead manages a group of analysts
A technical lead oversees progress of programmers and technical staff members

32. Motivation Use monetary rewards carefully Use core rewards Recognition
Use core rewards
Recognition
Achievement
The work itself
Responsibility
Advancement
Chance to learn new skills

33. Handling conflict Clearly define project plans
Recognize project importance to organization
Project charter listing norms and ground rules
Develop schedule commitments ahead of time
Forecast other priorities and their possible impact on the project

34. Safaa S.y. dalloul
Safaadalloul.wordpress.com
Thank You